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How the Kartchner Caverns were
created (biologically)
Created by Lucy Beekham, Julio Camacho, Carlos Hernandez, and Eme Hoylman
How Caves Came To Be:
The
Infomation
A shallow inland sea covered the area 300 million years ago. This caused limestone to appear from layers deposited. This material is primarily created by calcium carbonate (the stuff that creates the bubbles in soda) and is a sedimentary rock. Limestone is usually formed in shallow and calm marine water environments.
More Information
This layer uplifted to the whetstone mountains. The original layer of limestone that was created down dropped thousands of feet. The source of it is unknown, but people speculate it could've been some sort of tremor.
The slightly acidic rainwater that was formed by carbon dioxide from the air and soil penetrated the deep down limestone and left vast spaces in it.
AKA -- The room of the Kartchner Caverns
Stalactites and stalagmites, and other speleothems are formed through evaporated limestone. Water that seeps through the surface dissolves minerals on its "trip" through the limestone. When they can no longer hold these calcites, the "decorations" of the cave or speleothems form.
References
Farrant, A. (2017). How caves form. Retrieved February 25, 2018, from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm
Geology.com. (2005). Limestone. Retrieved February 25, 2018, from https://geology.com/rocks/limestone.shtml
Stalactites and stalagmites. [Picture] (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bryanrock.com/landscaping/Landscape-Rock
Stalactites and stalagmites.[Picture] (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-differences-between-stalactites-and-stalagmites.html
Stalactites and stalagmites. [Picture] (n.d.). Retrieved from http://bridalcave.blogspot.com/2016/01/stalactites-stalagmites-which-is-which.html