Steps Toward World Power

Annexing Hawaii and Alaska

Alaska and Hawaii

Hawaii

-US citizens owned sugar plantations but because they were in another country they had to pay a tax. So the owners started uprisings against the monarch and urged the US to get involved. Especially since Queen Liliuokalani wanted to strengthen her monarchy. Eventually the Queen was ousted as the US planters took over and Hawaii became a part of US territory.

Alaska

-Bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. Rich in timber, oil and natural resources. Expanded territory into Pacific which gave US power and influence. Initially thought of as a "folly", oil and gold were found and the rush to Alaska began.

Spanish-American War

Spanish American War

-President McKinley asks congress to go to war

Philippines: Dewey with the help of Emilio defeats the Spanish Army

Cuba: Marines capture Guantanamo Bay. Rough riders along with African Americans troops capture San Juan Hill

-Treaty of Paris-ended war, Spain gave up Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam. It sold US the Philippines for $20 million.

-US made Cuba add the Platt Amendment to their newly formed constitution. It brought the island under US controlled territory by not letting it sign treaties without the US's approval and allowing the US to "intervene" when necessary.

Southeast Asia

China and Philippines

-Philippines: Filipinos quickly realize US is no different than Spain and starts to rebel. They used guerrilla warfare, non-traditional fighting involving small bands of fighters. 5,000 American died and 200,000 Filipinos died in fighting. US would eventually give up reign over the country slowly until their independence decades late.

-China: instead of competing for trade, Europeans carved up China into spheres of influence, each country had power, trade and influence to that particular region. US declared equal trade in China because we had no sphere. The US wanted Open Door Policy, in which we wanted free trade, no colonies and were willing to fight for it. Some Chinese fought back against new religions and customs. The most famous being the Boxer Rebellion, which was quashed by Ameri., Japanese and European forces.

Influence in Latin America

South America

-Monroe Doctrine-US opposition to any European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere

-Threatened by European influence, Roosevelt enacted the Roosevelt Corollary, in which the US would use force in protecting US interests in S. A.

Japan

Matthew Perry-Opened up Japan to trade

-Japanese realized because they had closed themselves off they were behind in military technology.

-Perry set a precedent in expansion in the Pacific

-Later to end the Russo-Japanese War, Roosevelt intervened when peace talks stalled. Still concerned over Japanese influence Roosevelt sent out a force of navy ships known as the Great White Fleet. This fleet was to demonstrate increased military power in the world.

-Domestic issues, such as segregation of Japanese-Americans in schools, led to anger towards Americans. Roosevelt negotiated the "Gentleman's Agreement." We would desegregate schools if the Japan would limit the amount of immigrants they sent over to the US

Japan

Mexico

1914-Mexico became a concern for the US because of rebels like Poncho Villa. His forces crossed US borders and killed 18 Americans AFTER the US backed a new Mexican government. The US ended up withdrawing from Mexico having never caught the rebels.

Mexico