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Civil War Road Map

Missouri Compromise

Missouri Compromise 1820

Description:

  • The Missouri Compromise stated that Missouri would be admitted into the Union as a slave state, and Maine would enter as a free state
  • There is also a dividing line where any states above it are free states, and any states below it could become slave states

Impact:

  • Slavery did not go away, however it did slow its expansion

Did you know?

The dividing line is called the Mason-Dixon Line.

Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

Description:

  • California wanted to enter as a free state, but this would disrupt the balance of free and slave states
  • Congress decided that California would become a free state and the issue of slavery was to be left open in the other territories won from Mexico

Impact:

  • The Compromise of 1850 became a law preventing the Union from splitting apart
  • This led to the rise of the Pony Express in 1860

Did you know?

The debate over California lasted 9 months.

Fugitive Slave Act

Description:

  • The Fugitive Slave Act was a law that could force ordinary citizens to help capture runaway slaves
  • This denied the accused fugitives the right to trial by jury

Impact:

  • Provoked anger in the northern states
  • Some states passed laws that protected runaway slaves

Fugitive Slave Act

1850

Did you know?

Abolitionists nicknamed the Fugitive Slave Act the "Bloodhound Law."

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Uncle Tom's Cabin

1852

Description:

  • Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel called Uncle Tom's Cabin
  • It was a way for Stowe to channel her anger about slavery

Impact:

  • The book stirred a debate over slavery and racism

Did you know?

The book sold more than 300,000 copies the year it was released!

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Kansas-Nebraska Act

1854

Description:

  • Stephen A. Douglas proposed a bill that called for the territory to be split into two smaller territories (Kansas and Nebraska)
  • Slavery/nonslavery was decided by popular soverieignty
  • Despite strong opposition, it was pushed throught Congress

Impact:

  • Kansas turned violent and became a battleground in slavery conflict

Did you know?

People called this area "Bleeding Kansas" because of the violence that erupted.

Dred Scott Decision

Dred Scott Decision

1857

Description:

  • Scott sued for his freedom in Illinois and Wisconsin where slavery was prohibited
  • The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott should remain a slave

Impact:

  • Everyone was shocked at this outcome
  • This rendered the Missouri Compromise of 1820 unconstitutional

What was Dred Scott's real name?

A. Sam

B. Billy

C. Jonathan

D. Drew

Answer: Sam

John Brown's Raid

Description:

  • John Brown led his 4 sons to Harper's Ferry, Virginia
  • He wanted to capture arsenals and have slaves join him
  • Brown was later convicted of treason and sentenced to death

Impact:

  • The political struggle over slavery continued

John Brown's Raid

1859

Did you know?

John Brown's raid was over less than 36 hours after it started.

Election of 1860

Election of 1860

Description:

  • Abraham Lincoln campaigned against John Breckenridge
  • Lincoln didn't even try to win over southern voters
  • Southern voters believed that Abraham Lincoln was too antislavery

Impact:

  • For the southerners the election drew a line in the sand that they weren't afraid to cross

Did you know?

Abraham Lincoln got 180 electoral votes-that's more than twice what John Breckenridge got!

Confederate States of America

Confederate States of America

1861

Description:

  • South Carolina was the first state to secede
  • Jefferson Davis was chosen to be the temporary president of the Confederacy
  • These states formed a temporary government and adopted a new constitution

Impact:

  • Many people opposed secession and called it treason; they thought it was a disastrous idea

Did you know?

The Confederate States' capital was Montgomery, Alabama.

Attack on Fort Sumter

Attack on Fort Sumter

1861

Description:

  • Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina was claimed by the Confederacy
  • A Union major named Robert Anderson was in charge of the fort
  • 75,000 Confederate soldiers surrounded Anderson and his men and demanded that the Union troops evacuate

Impact:

  • The attack made the Union jump into action
  • President Lincoln declared South Carolina to be in rebellion and he formed a militia

Did you know?

The attack at Fort Sumter was the first battle of the Civil War.

Civil War

  • About 2.1 million Union soldiers fought in the Civil War, and there were 1 million Confederate troops
  • 650,000 people died in the Civil War
  • There were more deaths in the Civil War than all of the other wars that the U.S. fought combined

Civil War

1861-1865

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