present perfect simple
uses:
1) We often use the present perfect to give 'new' information, for example when we want to report an event that happened a short time ago:
Ouch! I've hurt my leg. Has Michael arrived yet? Spain have won the World Cup!
2) We use the present perfect to talk about a repeated past event that may happen again in the future:
Brazil have won the World Cup five times. The doctor has saved many lives.
When there is no possibility that the event will happen again in the future, we use the past simple:
The English King Henry VIII got married six times.
3) We often use the present perfect to talk about a situation that began in the past and continues up to the present or future. It is often used with time expressions such as since, for, never, etc.:
I've been married for nearly ten years. John hasn't lived alone since 2001.
4) We often use the present perfect to talk about a past event that has a connection with the present:
Look! Masa has had a hair cut! --> (His hair is different now.)
I've forgotten my dictionary at home. Can I borrow yours? --> (My dictionary is at home at the moment.)
form: Subject + to have + past participle
e.g. i have lived in ireland. / he has brought an umbrella with him.
note: If we say when something happened in the past, we cannot use the present perfect. We use the past simple: Yesterday, I forgot my dictionary at home, so I borrowed one from a classmate.
NEGATIVE FORM
WE add not to the verb to have:
have not/haven't - has not/hasn't
subject+ haven't/hasn't + past participle
E.g. HE hasn'T WORKed today./ I haven't arrived yet.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
WE USE THE VERB TO HAVE AS A MODAL VERB
(qUESTION WORD) HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT+ PAST PARTICIPLE+ (COMPLEMENTS)?
E.G. HAVE YOU TALKED TO JULIA RECENTLY?
HAS HE ARRIVED FROM LONDON?