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What:
- King john of England was facing civil war
- The Magna Carta was made to bring peace between the king and rebels
- It was a document signed by King John garunteeing certain rights to his people
Cause or contributing factors:
- The king wanted to avoid a rebellion and a civil war
- The rebels wanted fairness and a better life
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- Promised protection of church rights, from illegal imprisonment, access to court justice system, and limitation to feudal payments to the crown
- Society was under the feudal law system
- Shortly after the Magna Carta was made, the rebels still went to war with the king
- Many reissues of the Magna Carta were made in the future
What:
- When a group of philosophers, including Thomas Jefferson and John Locke, gathered and used knowledge and reason to study “Human conditions”
- They created pamphlets and spread the knowledge they had
- Created the concept of “Natural rights”
Cause or contributing factors:
- Leaders trying to overthrow the monarchy at the time
- Using reason to improve the condition of mankind
- Impacted by the scientific revolution
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- The natural right to “life, liberty and property”
- Influenced the “Declaration of the rights of man”
- Impacted the french revolution
- Government of France went from a monarchy to a republic
What:
- A document that separated the 13 states from Britain
- It asserted certain “Natural Rights” and legal rights including “a right to revolution”
- Thomas Jefferson signed the declaration
Cause or contributing factors:
- British colonies were striving to be independent
- The 13 states saw themselves as “sovereign states”
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- Made the United States of America a free and independent country
- Impacted American political and social democracy
What:
- A period of social change in France where revolutionaries were fighting against their rulers to change how those in power treated their people
Cause or contributing factors:
- The poor ruling of the king created anger and tension
- People were aware of their rights, and knew the rulers were violating them
- Influenced by the enlightenment
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- “Declaration of the rights of man” was drafted by General Lafayette, Thomas Jefferson, and Honoré Mirabeau
- Created a human civil rights document
- Had a major impact on the development of independence
- The king and queen were executed
What:
- He was an American philosopher, poet and environmental scientist
- Focused on living in the world as a human being
Cause or contributing factors:
- Motivated by the disgust of slavery he witnessed during the mexican-american war
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- “Civil disobedience” He thought that if the law is unjust, one has the right to disobey it
- Individuals should not be overruled by the government
- People have the “Right to Protest”
What:
- “Emancipation proclamation” issued by President Abraham Lincoln, to liberate all slaves
- Abolished slavery in America
Cause or contributing factors:
- The American Civil war changed into a battle for “a new birth of freedom”
- Those against slavery claiming victory and ending the civil war was crucial
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- Abraham Lincoln was able to end slavery in America
- This influenced leaders during the “Civil Rights Movement” in the 1960’s
What:
- Turks of the Ottoman Empire ruthlessly slaughtered millions of Armenians
- Committing genocide (the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group)
Cause or contributing factors:
- During World War I (1915) the Turkish Government set in motion a plan to kill Armenians
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- 1.5 million Armenians died
- Was a “Crime Against Humanity”
What:
- Four waves of political movements fighting for change on issues such as women having the right to vote, equality, reproductive rights, individual diversity, sexual assault, and equal opportunities
- Has been going since 1910, and been an important part of history
Cause or contributing factors:
- Women being denied basic rights simply because of their sex
- Women suffering and having a huge disadvantage in life because that is how society says it should be, but leaders rising to make a change
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- Women got the right to vote
- Reduced inequality in sexuality, family and the workplace
- More equal opportunity
- Yet, women still to this day have to fight to be treated like normal human beings
What:
- He was an Indian activist, lawyer, and politician
- Leader of the Indian independence movement
Cause or contributing factors:
- Employed “ Non-violent civil disobedience”
- Thought citizens are able to refuse to obey certain laws and demands
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- Led to new and peaceful forms of protest, independence and freedom (such as marching to protest)
What:
- The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after World War II
- It started with 51 members, now there are currently 193
- Was formed to prevent another world war, maintain peace, and develop a better living standard
Cause or contributing factors:
- Replaced the ineffective “League of Nations”
- The UN was made because of the atrocities that occurred during World War II, to try to prevent it from happening again
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- The forming of the UN lead to the drafting of “the Universal Declaration of Human Rights”
- The UN has since been able to help millions. For example, assisting refugees, and running many successful peacekeeping missions.
What:
- Was a movement, for justice and equality for African-americans
- Was led by Martin Luther King Jr.
- Securing legal rights for African-americans
Cause or contributing factors:
- The movement was sparked when Rosa Parks refused to move to the back of the bus, and was arrested for it because she was African-american
- Discrimination against African-americans has been going on for a very long time, and this was just one fight for basic human rights
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- Allowed new and reformed federal laws about freedom and discrimination
- Ended legalized racial segregation
- Sparked grassroots protests
- African-americans still face hateful descrimination to this day
What:
- Is an agreement that recognizes Indigenous rights to self-government, land, equality and language, as well as basic human rights
- Majority of the UN agreed with the declaration but 4 countries did not (Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States)
Cause or contributing factors:
- Indigenous people have faced discrimination, oppression and exploitation around the world for centuries
- There have been many drafts in the making for protection of indigenous people over decades
Consequence, results or accomplishments:
- This declaration established the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the Indigenous peoples of the world, and existing human rights standards and freedoms that they have a right to as well
- Canada only supported the declaration later in 2016
- Indigenous people still struggle and face discrimination to this day even with the declaration
- Eidinger, Andrea. (2020, December 15) Feminism, The Canadian Ecyclopedia. Retreived from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/feminism.
- https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magna-Carta
- https://www.britannica.com/event/Enlightenment-European-history
- https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples.html
- https://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution
- https://www.biography.com/activist/mahatma-gandhi
- https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-movement