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TIMELINE OF HUMAN RIGHTS

By: Teagan Ng

Magna Carta

- 1215

Magna Carta

What:

- King john of England was facing civil war

- The Magna Carta was made to bring peace between the king and rebels

- It was a document signed by King John garunteeing certain rights to his people

Cause or contributing factors:

- The king wanted to avoid a rebellion and a civil war

- The rebels wanted fairness and a better life

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- Promised protection of church rights, from illegal imprisonment, access to court justice system, and limitation to feudal payments to the crown

- Society was under the feudal law system

- Shortly after the Magna Carta was made, the rebels still went to war with the king

- Many reissues of the Magna Carta were made in the future

The Enlightenment

- 18th Century

The Enlightenment

What:

- When a group of philosophers, including Thomas Jefferson and John Locke, gathered and used knowledge and reason to study “Human conditions”

- They created pamphlets and spread the knowledge they had

- Created the concept of “Natural rights”

Cause or contributing factors:

- Leaders trying to overthrow the monarchy at the time

- Using reason to improve the condition of mankind

- Impacted by the scientific revolution

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- The natural right to “life, liberty and property”

- Influenced the “Declaration of the rights of man”

- Impacted the french revolution

- Government of France went from a monarchy to a republic

US Declaration of Independence

- 1776

US Declaration of Independence

What:

- A document that separated the 13 states from Britain

- It asserted certain “Natural Rights” and legal rights including “a right to revolution”

- Thomas Jefferson signed the declaration

Cause or contributing factors:

- British colonies were striving to be independent

- The 13 states saw themselves as “sovereign states”

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- Made the United States of America a free and independent country

- Impacted American political and social democracy

French Revolution

- 1789

French Revolution

What:

- A period of social change in France where revolutionaries were fighting against their rulers to change how those in power treated their people

Cause or contributing factors:

- The poor ruling of the king created anger and tension

- People were aware of their rights, and knew the rulers were violating them

- Influenced by the enlightenment

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- “Declaration of the rights of man” was drafted by General Lafayette, Thomas Jefferson, and Honoré Mirabeau

- Created a human civil rights document

- Had a major impact on the development of independence

- The king and queen were executed

Henry David Thoreau - (1817-1862)

Henry David Thoreau

What:

- He was an American philosopher, poet and environmental scientist

- Focused on living in the world as a human being

Cause or contributing factors:

- Motivated by the disgust of slavery he witnessed during the mexican-american war

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- “Civil disobedience” He thought that if the law is unjust, one has the right to disobey it

- Individuals should not be overruled by the government

- People have the “Right to Protest”

Ending Slavery in America

- 1865

Ending Slavery in America

What:

- “Emancipation proclamation” issued by President Abraham Lincoln, to liberate all slaves

- Abolished slavery in America

Cause or contributing factors:

- The American Civil war changed into a battle for “a new birth of freedom”

- Those against slavery claiming victory and ending the civil war was crucial

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- Abraham Lincoln was able to end slavery in America

- This influenced leaders during the “Civil Rights Movement” in the 1960’s

Turkish Genocide of Armenians

- 1915

Turkish Genocide of Armenians

What:

- Turks of the Ottoman Empire ruthlessly slaughtered millions of Armenians

- Committing genocide (the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group)

Cause or contributing factors:

- During World War I (1915) the Turkish Government set in motion a plan to kill Armenians

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- 1.5 million Armenians died

- Was a “Crime Against Humanity”

Feminist Movement

- 1918

What:

- Four waves of political movements fighting for change on issues such as women having the right to vote, equality, reproductive rights, individual diversity, sexual assault, and equal opportunities

- Has been going since 1910, and been an important part of history

Cause or contributing factors:

- Women being denied basic rights simply because of their sex

- Women suffering and having a huge disadvantage in life because that is how society says it should be, but leaders rising to make a change

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- Women got the right to vote

- Reduced inequality in sexuality, family and the workplace

- More equal opportunity

- Yet, women still to this day have to fight to be treated like normal human beings

Feminist Movement

Mahatma Gandhi

- 1930's

Mahatma Gandhi

What:

- He was an Indian activist, lawyer, and politician

- Leader of the Indian independence movement

Cause or contributing factors:

- Employed “ Non-violent civil disobedience”

- Thought citizens are able to refuse to obey certain laws and demands

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- Led to new and peaceful forms of protest, independence and freedom (such as marching to protest)

Forming of the UN

- 1945

What:

- The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after World War II

- It started with 51 members, now there are currently 193

- Was formed to prevent another world war, maintain peace, and develop a better living standard

Cause or contributing factors:

- Replaced the ineffective “League of Nations”

- The UN was made because of the atrocities that occurred during World War II, to try to prevent it from happening again

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- The forming of the UN lead to the drafting of “the Universal Declaration of Human Rights”

- The UN has since been able to help millions. For example, assisting refugees, and running many successful peacekeeping missions.

Forming of the UN

Civil Rights Movement

- 1950's-1968

Civil Rights Movement

What:

- Was a movement, for justice and equality for African-americans

- Was led by Martin Luther King Jr.

- Securing legal rights for African-americans

Cause or contributing factors:

- The movement was sparked when Rosa Parks refused to move to the back of the bus, and was arrested for it because she was African-american

- Discrimination against African-americans has been going on for a very long time, and this was just one fight for basic human rights

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- Allowed new and reformed federal laws about freedom and discrimination

- Ended legalized racial segregation

- Sparked grassroots protests

- African-americans still face hateful descrimination to this day

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

- (2007)

What:

- Is an agreement that recognizes Indigenous rights to self-government, land, equality and language, as well as basic human rights

- Majority of the UN agreed with the declaration but 4 countries did not (Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States)

Cause or contributing factors:

- Indigenous people have faced discrimination, oppression and exploitation around the world for centuries

- There have been many drafts in the making for protection of indigenous people over decades

Consequence, results or accomplishments:

- This declaration established the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the Indigenous peoples of the world, and existing human rights standards and freedoms that they have a right to as well

- Canada only supported the declaration later in 2016

- Indigenous people still struggle and face discrimination to this day even with the declaration

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

Bibliography

- Eidinger, Andrea. (2020, December 15) Feminism, The Canadian Ecyclopedia. Retreived from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/feminism.

- https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magna-Carta

- https://www.britannica.com/event/Enlightenment-European-history

- https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples.html

- https://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution

- https://www.biography.com/activist/mahatma-gandhi

- https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-movement

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