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Columbian Exchange Project
3
The Colombian Exchange: potatoes
Haley Woody & Winter Fairfield
Where Potatoes originated and the time it was exchanged
where did they come from?
* Potatoes originated in South America Andes then spread to the north and European countries after that.
* Potatoes spread to the east in Peru during 1536 after it was conquered by Fransisco Pizzaro soon after that potatoes were cultivated along the Biscay coast in Northern Spain and then to Ireland in 1589.
Where Potatoes Spread AFTER the Columbian Exchange
By the end of the 18th century potatoes were being cultivated in the northern hills of India, and then introduced to Tibet in the 19th century from trade routes stemming from India.
where did they go?
How Profitable Potatoes Were From 1450-1750
At first potatoes were not very popular due to the fact that they resembled a deadly poison that was also common in Europe, known as atropa belladonna. However, because they were so easy to grow; they came into high demand to the people who were suffering from famine in the old world. Places like Ireland, Holland, and France grew on plantations that saved many in these areas from starvation. Finally, until the great famine that was caused by the potato blight which led to starvation, disease, and death.
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CHARTS
PICTURES
picture of potatos
Photo 2
potato plantation
The Countries That Profited From Potatoes and How?
who profited?
* Potatoes originated in Peru where they were grown in large plantations and traded to the old world where they were in very high demand.
How did the spread of potatoes affect the environment
environmental effects
There was an introduction of large potato cultivation sites in many new places throughout Europe that were traditionally only seen in South America.
How Potatoes affected labor practices...
labor systems
The encomienda system was very popular in Spanish ruled areas such as Peru. This system took advantage of the indigenous people in the area and forced them to work on potato cultivation plantations along with paying a tribute and forcing them to convert to Christianity.
How this item was incorporated into the culture of a new group of people in the 1450-1750 time period...
cultural diffusion
EXAMPLE 1
Potatoes became a large staple in Ireland that was thought to be a large reason for the influx in population. It was less expensive and easy to grow making it accessible to many, even those who had less money. The Irish population doubled to eight million between 1780 and 1841, without any significant expansion of industry or reform of agricultural techniques beyond the widespread cultivation of the potato. This means that the growth in population was most likely due to the reliable and diverse source of food.
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
In Qing dynasty China, potatoes were used to feed armies and settlers, helping the Chinese empire to nearly triple in size. Potatoes ability to feed and fuel the Qing military made them a more powerful and feared military group.
EXAMPLE 2
CITATIONS
CITATIONS
https://www.history-magazine.com/potato.html
https://thecolumbianexchange.weebly.com/potato.html
https://www.thoughtco.com/spains-american-colonies-encomienda-system-2136545
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-the-potato-changed-the-world-108470605/