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Fascism
Aim: Explain the political, economic and social factors that led to the rise of fascism in Italy.
Aim and Do Now
Do Now
Based on the video, describe fascism.
World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted
What is it?
Mussolini
Mussolini Primary Source
Actions of Mussolini
Political, Economic, or Social?
In 1929, Mussolini received support from Pope Pius XI in return for recognizing Vatican City as an independent state. Mussolini had assumed more power and taken the title Il Duce (eel DOO chay), “The Leader.” He suppressed rival parties, muzzled the press, rigged elections, and replaced elected officials with Fascist supporters.
Action 1
Political, Economic or Social?
To spur growth and end conflicts between owners and workers, Mussolini brought the economy under state control. However, he preserved capitalism. Mussolini started a large-scale public works program that included agricultural and architectural restoration projects. Roads, schools, and train stations were built, trees planted, and archaeological sites financed.
Action 2
Political, Economic or Social?
Mussolini’s system favored the upper classes and industrial leaders. Although production increased, success came at the expense of workers. They were forbidden to strike, and their wages were kept low.
Action 3
Political, Economic or Social?
Action 4
Men, women, and children were bombarded with slogans glorifying the state and Mussolini. “Believe! Obey! Fight!” Mussolini called on women to “win the battle of motherhood.” Those who bore more than 14 children were given a medal by Il Duce himself. Fascist youth groups toughened children and taught them to obey strict military discipline. Young Fascists marched in torchlight parades, singing patriotic hymns and chanting, “Mussolini is always right.”
Political, Economic or Social?
Critics were thrown into prison, forced into exile, or murdered. Secret police and propaganda bolstered the regime.