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Polar Desert

By: Elias and Adriana

Climate

  • Not Weather
  • changes daily
  • changes from place to place

Climate

What is Climate?

  • Usual weather
  • Different
  • Seasons
  • Places

Geographical Location

Polar desert locations and descriptions 2

Climatogram

Antartica's Climate 1

Climate Change

  • Temperatures
  • Water
  • Storms
  • Ocean Currents
  • Air Currents

Climate Change

Greenhouse Effect

  • Sun and the Earth
  • Infrared Radiation
  • Burning of Fossil Fuels
  • Coal and oil
  • Agriculture
  • Industry
  • Automobiles

With these build up gases blocking the IR from escaping the atmosphere, the Earth absorbs more heat, raising the Earth's temperature.

Impacts

  • Ice Melting
  • Animals
  • Krill
  • Polar bears
  • Seals
  • Plants
  • Population increase
  • Higher Temperatures
  • Precipiation
  • Ice Melting
  • Soil

How Can You Help?

  • Recycle
  • Newspapers
  • Packaging
  • Bottles
  • Other
  • Driving
  • Cars Less
  • Bike More
  • Electric Car
  • Insulation
  • Home
  • Air Conditioning Filters
  • Showerheads
  • Solar
  • Panels
  • Heater
  • Electric
  • Mower
  • Plant
  • Drought-resistent

Biodiversity

What is Biodiversity?

  • Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources

Biodiversity

Biodiversity in the Polar Desert:

  • Wide source of vegetation but there are few species in common
  • There are not many animals in the polar regions due to the harsh weather
  • Frozen ground covers most of the polar desert for majority of the year

Environmental Pressure

  • Extremely Cold Temperature

  • Extreme Seasonal Change

  • Lack of Precipitation

Environmental Pressure

Lack of Precipitation

Cold Temperature 3

All the seasons 4

Animals

Animals

  • Polar Bears - use their fur on the soles of their feet to better grip on ice and for insulation

  • Reindeer - use their ''winter coat'' which is made of hollow hairs that trap air that keeps them warm

  • Walrus - use thick blubber to help keep it warm in the cold water plus they lay on the beach to kept warm

Polar Bear 5

walrus 10

Reindeer 6

Species and Environmental

  • The Keystone Species:

Lemmimngs

  • The Indicator Species:

Polar Bears

  • Mutualistic Relationship:

Polar Bears and Arctic Foxes

  • Microorganism:

Psychrophile

  • Soil Quality:

Permafrost and low levels of

Carbon and Nitrogen

Plants

Plants

  • Antarctic Hair Grass- hair grass looses its long, slender, green leaves, and can withstand freezing temperatures without completely dying

  • Mosses- They become dormant until the snow and ice melts in the spring and growth can rapidly be reactivated

  • Lichens- absorb water from a saturated atmosphere when covered by snow

Antarctic Hair Grass 11

Lichens 13

Mosses 12

Human Impacts

Human Impacts

1. Tourism- increases pollutants from ships, oil spills, chances are greatly increased which harms the sea life

2. Illegal Fishing- most of the sea creatures are at the bottom of the food chain and if their population decreases so will the others higher on the food chain

3. Pollution from chemicals, discarded equipment, oil, fishnets, hooks, plastic, lines, and etc- these pollutants degrade the landscape and poison and harm the animals

The Effects of Water Pollution:

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ku5dgUtXcLo

The Effects of Water Pollution:

Penguins in oil 14

Illegal Fishing 15

Easy things that we can do to help:

Easy things that we can do to help:

1. Be careful about what you throw down your sink or toilet

2. Make posters to let people know about the issue

3. Try to help your community by cleaning up trash

Cleaning up 16

Preservation

  • Antarctic Treaty System
  • Doesn't acknowledge claims
  • Protects specific areas
  • Peaceful purposes only
  • freedom of scientific study
  • bans military use

Preservation

Antarctic Treaty System Flag 7

Taylor Rookery

  • Emperor Penguin
  • Breeding Colony
  • Largest
  • 3000 breeding pairs from 1988 to 2002
  • Surrounded by low, rocky hills
  • Monitoring

Taylor Rookery

Emperor Breeding Colony 8

Rookery Islands

  • Adélie penguins, Cape petrels, snow petrels, southern giant petrels, Wilson's storm petrels and Antarctic skuas.
  • Breeding colonies
  • Group of rocks and small islands
  • Breed nowhere else in the region

Rookery Islands

Rookery Islands Breeding Colony 9

Sources on Photos:

1. http://slideplayer.com/slide/6888620/

2. http://slideplayer.com/slide/6888620/

3. http://chicopeepolice.com/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=131&ARC=245

4. https://salvationist.ca/articles/2009/06/testimony-of-the-seasons/

5. https://pixabay.com/en/polar-bear-isolated-predator-animal-2478437/

6. http://www.freepngimg.com/cartoon/reindeer

7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System#/media/File:Flag_of_the_Antarctic_Treaty.svg

8. https://writingthewilddotnet.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/c2a9-robyn-mundy-img_7420-midwinter-taylor-rookery-90kms-west-of-mawson-station_centre-of-huddle-of-males-incubating-eggs.jpg

9.https://writingthewilddotnet.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/c2a9-robyn-mundy-img_7420-midwinter-taylor-rookery-90kms-west-of-mawson-station_centre-of-huddle-of-males-incubating-eggs.jpg

10. http://zt2downloadlibrary.wikia.com/wiki/File:Pacific_Walrus_(Aurora_Designs)_1.png

11.https://6ljessantarctica.weebly.com/antarctic-hair-grass.html

12.http://theconversation.com/whats-behind-japans-moss-obsession-50500

13.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen

14.https://stfrancischronicle.com/2013/08/13/urgent-volunteers-needed-to-take-oiled-birds-from-plett-to-cape-st-francis/

15.http://www.wwf.eu/?97560/A-recipe-for-ending-illegal-fishing-in-the-Baltic-Sea

16.https://pixabay.com/en/trash-environment-garbage-rubbish-310219/

Sources

1.https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/science/human_impact_on_antarctica.php

2.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_Specially_Protected_Area

3.http://ocean.si.edu/for-educators/lessons/environmental-issues-polar-regions

https://www.polarcruises.com/polar-info/arctic-info/arctic-weather-and-polar-environment

4.http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/arctic/wildlife/polar_bear/threats/

5.http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/environment/3_adapt_to_fit1.shtml

6.https://www.nps.gov/bela/learn/kidsyouth/alaskan-animal-adaptations.htm

7.http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/reindeer

8..http://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/wildlife/plants/lichens

9..https://bogology.org/2013/10/16/how-do-mosses-survive-in-antarctica/

10.https://oceanwide-expeditions.com/blog/the-plants-of-antarctica

11..https://sites.google.com/site/themajesticpolarbear/blog-page-1/untitledpost

12..http://frontierscientists.com/2013/06/lemmings-arctic-keystone-species/

13.https://a-z-animals.com/animals/lemming/

14.http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/arctic/wildlife/polar_bear/threats/

15.http://wecareaboutthepolarbear.blogspot.com/p/symbiosis-of-polar-bears.html

16.http://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/polar-desert-soil-1

17.https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/science/soils-and-landscapes/antarctic-soils

18http://study.com/academy/lesson/ecological-role-of-microorganisms.html

19.https://www.arcticbiodiversity.is/the-report/chapters/microorganisms

20.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychrophile

21.http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/globalwarmA5.html

22.https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-global-temperature

23.https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/

24.https://pmm.nasa.gov/resources/faq/how-does-climate-change-affect-precipitation

25.https://sciencing.com/do-currents-affect-weather-climate-7735765.html

26.http://discoveringantarctica.org.uk/challenges/sustainability/impacts-of-climate-change/

27.https://www.greenfacts.org/en/arctic-climate-change/l-2/5-arctic-animals.htm#1

https://www.greenfacts.org/en/arctic-climate-change/l-3/4-arctic-tundra.htm

28.http://www.broward.org/Environment/AirQuality/EducationalPrograms/Pages/ThingsToPreventClimateChange.aspx

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