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Deepwater Horizon cause and effect presentation
11
Deepwater Horizon
On the night of April 20th,2010, the oil drilling rig Deepwater Horizon exploded off the coast of Louisiana killing 11 workers while injuring 17 others. 36 hours later the rig sank taking with it the drillpipe which leaked oil into the gulf of Mexico for 87 days.
oil spill of 2010
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https://gcaptain.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/deepwater_horizon-fire-and-sinking.jpg
On April 22nd, 2010 at 9:49 at night, the oil rig Deepwater Horizon exploded off the coast of Lousiana. The rig sank 36 hours later resulting in oil leaking from it's drillpipe. By the time it was capped 87 days later, 11 rig workers had died, 17 more where injured, as many as 29,000 marine animals died, and roughly 5 million barrels of oil leaked inot the gulf of Mexico.
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https://gcaptain.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/deepwater_horizon-fire-and-sinking.jpg
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The rig
The rig
The Deepwater Horizon caused the largest oil spill in US history. Owned by Transocean, the rig was on lease to British Petroleum (BP) at the time of the disaster.
The Deepwater Horizon was a old rig (built in 2001) and much of the rig's systems were outdated and didn't operate very well. This is partly what caused the disaster.
This is a picture of the rig taken before the disaster. The Deepwater Horizon had a sister drilling platform, the Deepwater Natilus.
The Deepwater Natilus is currently traveling to Labuan, Malaysia at the time of this presentation.
image source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Image-of-the-Deepwater-horizon-drilling-rig-before-the-disaster-Ref_fig2_275462305
Causes
Causes
There were many causes of this disaster that could have easily preveted this from happening. One of the most surprising ones was that if the well had been shut only 10 minutes earlier, the blowout could have been prevented.
Some of the main causes of the blowout, explosions, fire, and oil spill were:
- well integrity was not established
- gas alarms were disabled
The rig had been finishing up drilling and then dissconecting from the well when it struck a pocket of hydrocarbons (oil and methane gas). These hydrocarbons, along with the drilling fluid, surged up the pipe and onto the rig. A spark ignited the hydrocarbons and two explosions followed. The rig continued to burn until the rig sank at 10:30 am on April 22, 2010.
- negative pressure tests were ignored
- there were too few centralizers
- drilling fluid was pumped out early
- drilling equipment was outdated
image source: www.gregpalast.com/wp-content/uploads/1200_DeepwaterHorizon_FireBecnelPalast.jpg
These and many more are what eventually caused the rig's demise.
Effects
Effects
The effects of this disaster were shocking and required months of cleanup. It was equivilant to the Exxon Valdez oil spill every 3-4 days.
The effects were huge and lasted for a very long time. Some of the effects were:
- roughly 5 million barrels of oil leaked into the gulf of Mexico
- up to 29,000 marine animals were killed
- BP and other companies lost billions of dollars
- new methods of clean up were tested
- thousands of people were united in their efforts to clean up the oil
- 1,300 miles of coastline was polluted along the five US gulf states
This was the largest oil spill in US history and the 2nd biggest oil spill in world history. The only bigger oil spill was the 1991 gulf war oil spill.
image source: response.restoration.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/skimming_dwh_2010_noaa_520.jpg
The end
This was a disaster that had many lasting effects both to the environment and to the oil industry. There are several questions that still stand.
The end
The rig was never recovered from the seafloor and still lies roughly 1,500 feet from the wellhead. The rig had a huge impact on the oil industry and many oil companies revised their saftey precautions.
In 2016, a movie was made about the disaster called "Deepwater Horizon". It stars Mark Whalberg, Kurt Russel, and Douglas M. Griffin. This image and the causes section cover are both from the movie.
The capped wellhead is shown as the cover for this section.
image source: www.awn.com/sites/default/files/styles/original/public/image/attached/1032178-how0245comp031766jsv151943-1200.jpg?itok=v-CTIfRT