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Cows and their Effect on the Columbian Exchange

By: Kenidy Brisco and Zach Linville

Some essential questions to remember while viewing the Prezi:

-Why did cattle serve as an advantage to the columbian exhange?

* And how did they serve as a disadvantage?

Some characteristics of cattle include being domesticated, herbivores, cloven-hooved, large, furry, mammal-like creatures that are known to produce the most milk out of all the milch animals in the world... let's dig even further into what these mammals are like.

What are Cows?

Cows are large herbivores, they are generall reffered to in their male and female titles, Bulls and Cows respectively; in domesticated groups they are reffered to as cattle. Being large flat toothed animals, they travel in herds and graze swaths of grass and plants.

What are Cattle?

What was Cattles Place in the Columbian Exchange?

Cattle had a large impact in the Columbian Exchange; Once brought to the Americas, they were used in lucrative trade between Settlers and Native Americans. They were seen as dairy producers, source of meat, transporters, etc. Their benefits were endless for Natives.

Additionally, these vasts benefits aided in the expansion of the Spanish Mainland (Spain) economically as well. Due to their plethora of helpful usages, they were very marketable, therefore, they were a means to econimic prosper in the trading world; This is specifically, but limitedly, seen between trade of cattle and the Natives, and of course European countries as the Colubian exchange grew in size.

The Columbian Exchange and Cattles influnce in its expansion.

What is Cattles Origins and how have they Spread?

Where did Cattle Originate and how did they spread?

Over hundreds of years, Cattle that evolved in the Middle East have spread throughout continents and around the Globe. Aurochs(predecessors of modern day cattle), were originally found in Pakistan and other areas of the Middle East. They eventually migrated into Spain, and lightly diffused through Europe and Asia. Over time they were captured in numbers by Christopher Columbus, after his second voyage from Spain, then put through the columbian exchangehese multi-faceted mammals were utilised by both the Native Americans and colonists throughout the period 1450-1750.

How did Cattle end up on the other side of an Ocean?

How did they end up across the Atlantic Ocean

When exploring became a new factor for Europeans, two main countries became leaders in the race, and brought Cattle with them. These countries being Spain and Brittain, they aided in the transportation of Cattle across the oceans, which subsequently lead to cattle being apart of a trade network we know as the columbian exchange.

When and why did the British bring Cattle?

The British

The British, while later than the Spanish, still brought Cattle. Their first permanent settlement, Jamestown, was in need of labor, food, and trading material; all of which Cattle possed the possibility to have. Once Cattle began being shipped across the Ocean, they were used anywhere from tilling fields to trading material to leather clothing which all would end up as a net gain for England. They were officialy brought over on June 25, 1619.

When and why did the Spanish bring Cattle?

The Spanish

Christopher Columbus, a sailer for the Spanish was sailing west to find a new way to Asia when he stumbled upon a whole new continent. On this voyage he brought cows for potential trade in China or India however they found their found their potential in the Americas where they could be traded to the Natives for lucrative amounts of Raw Recources, or used as powerful labor animals. As Columbus brought them over first they officialy made land sometime during 1643.

How did Cattle spread across the Americas?

With their origin in the Middle East, Cattle were suited very well for the vast expanses of grassy plains in North America; because they suited the terrain well, Cattle spread across the Continent rapidly.

How well and quickly did Cattle spread across the Americas?

Once Transported, how did Cattle Effect the Americans?

How did Cattle Effect Americans?

Soil erosion and disease were the main characteristics of the spread of these mammals, alongside the production of dairy, meat, and cow skin. Natives used cows creatively while settlers fell into more wasteful habits. Cows expanded the horizons for both Natives and Europeans and were clearly multifaceted due to these vast usages of their bodies.

What impact did Cattle have on European Settlers?

Impact on Settlers and how they were used

European settlers used cows to plow their new fields, back in homeland Europe they had horses to do it for them but there were not enough in the Americas so they utilized cows. They were highly wasteful with them after they died as they didn't use all of the parts to their highest capability like the natives.

How did the Native-Americans use Cattle and how did this impact their lives?

Impact on Native Americans and how cows were used

Native Americans adapted their current diets and hunting habits with the introduction of cows as they provided lots of hides, meat, and bones to make food, shelter, clothing, and tools/weapons out of. All of these new resources the cows could provide were utilized greatly and Indians adapted further into settling cities and towns rather than following the buffalo herds. Many would still do this while bringing a small or large herd of cattle along with them.

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