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Herpes Zoster Involving the S1 Dermatome
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Herpes Zoster Involving the S1 Dermatome
DEFINITION
The culprit is the varicella-zoster virus. Primary infection with this virus causes chickenpox (varicella). At this time the virus infects nerves (namely, the dorsal root ganglia) where it remains latent (lies low) for years. It can then be reactivated to cause shingles with blisters over the distribution of the affected nerve accompanied by often intense pain and itching. Herpes zoster is more frequent with increasing age
> DEFINITION
> Meaning
APPLICATION IN MEDICINE
A dermatome is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve. There are 8 cervical nerves (note C1 has with no dermatome), 12 thoracic nerves, 5 lumbar nerves and 5 sacral nerves. Each of these spinal nerves relay sensation from a particular region of the skin to the brain.
> APPLICATION IN MEDICINE
> Dermatome
Pros and Cons
> PROS AND CONS
Pros
- The shingles vaccine is the only way to reduce your risk of getting shingles.
- The vaccine is recommended for everyone ages 50 years and older.
- Even people who have had shingles in the past can get the vaccine to help prevent future infections.
Cons
- The germ that causes shingles can be passed to anyone who has not had chickenpox and was not vaccinated against chickenpox.
- This germ can cause chickenpox in those exposed, but cannot directly cause shingles.
- The germ is spread through contact with the fluid from the rash blisters and is not as contagious as chickenpox.
- Shingles germs can only spread after the blisters appear and before the blisters form scabs.
Issue applied in Ecuador
> ISSUE APPLIED IN ECUADOR
> TOPIC
- HZ is associated with a decrease in cellular immunity.
- In Ecuador, the HZ, the estimated risk of it occurring in the population is 30 to 40%. This risk is higher after 50 years old.
- 1 in 4 people will develop a HZ in their lifetime, the risk increases with age.
Conclusion
> CONCLUSION
Hz is a common disease with highest burden in older adults who frequently have at least one chronic disease.
HZ is primarily disease of nerve tissue but the acute and longer term manifestations require multidisciplinary knowledge and involvement in their management.