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Let's sail across the ocean of Pre-colonial Philippine Literature!

PRE-COLONIAL PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

Trivia

Did you know?

? ? ?

Filipinos often lose sight of the fact that the first period of the Philippine literary history is the longest. Certain events from the nation’s history had forced lowland Filipinos to begin counting the years of history from 1521. The average Filipino's unfamiliarity with his indigenous literature was largely due to what has been impressed upon him: that his country was "discovered" and, hence, Philippine "history" started only in 1521.

Characteristics

A. CHARACTERISTICS

2. Crude in ideology and

phraseology

1. Based on oral

tradition

Literary Forms

B. LITERARY FORMS

1. Oral Literature

Oral Literature

Riddles

Riddles (bugtong) – battle of wits and keenness among participants.

- to entertain

- to educate

- to stimulate

- to preserve the culture of a

group of people

Tigmo – Cebu

Paktakon - Ilonggo

Patotdon – Bicol

Riddle #3

  • “Maliit na parang sibat, sandata ng mga pantas.”

Answer: pluma or pen

Riddle #1

  • “Malambot na parang ulap, kasama ko sa pangangarap”

Answer: unan or pillow

Riddle #2

  • “Kay lapit-lapit na sa mata, di mo pa rin makita.”

Answer: tenga or ears

Proverbs

Proverbs (salawikain) are wise sayings or statements of practical wisdom that expressed norms, rules or guidelines on proper behavior and community values and beliefs.

2. Folk Songs

Folk Songs

  • -about day-to-day experiences that reflected the traditions, beliefs, and customs of their time
  • traditional songs and melodies
  • inspired by the reaction of the people to their environment

Hele or oyayi 

(Lullaby/Cradle)

The province of Batangas has a very specialized form of lullaby known as the huluna. Though only composed of simple words, it is notable for being very difficult to sing, due to the lengthy melismas. Like many traditional songs from Spain, it is full of fioriture yet unlike many of the western type songs, it has no time signature.

Example:

Hele or oyayi

Ambahan (Mangyan)

– 7-syllable per line poem that are about human relationships and social entertainment.

Ambahan

Example of Mangyan

Kalusan (Ivatan) - work songs that depict the livelihood of the people.

Example:

Kalusan

Tagay (Cebuano and Waray) is a drinking song.

Example:

Tagay

Others

Others:

  • Dung-aw – a death chant from Ilocos
  • Komintang - war song
  • Kundiman – melancholic love song
  • harana – serenade
  • Mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song
  • Subli – dance-ritual song of courtship/marriage
  • Tagulaylay – songs of the dead

3. Folk Tales

a. Myths – are traditional sacred stories, which usually narrates the activities of gods and heroes, and that can explain a natural phenomenon or cultural practice.

b. Legends – explain the origin of things

examples: “Why the Pineapple Has Eyes”

“The Legend of Maria Makiling”

c. Fables – used animal characters and allegory

d. Fantastic stories – deal with underworld characters such as “tiyanak”,“aswang”, “kapre” and others

Folk Tales

EPICS

Things to ponder:

Essential Questions

“How is Philippine literature a reflection of who we are as Filipinos then, now, and in the future?”

How does literature affect someone's life?

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