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Week 2 Housekeeping

Week 2 Housekeeping

  • Giddens
  • Giddens Chapter 43: Patient Education
  • Nursing Standard 5B: Heath Teaching & Health

Comments on the Canvas article?

Review:

Reflective Practice

Nursing Standard 15: Professional Practice Evaluation

Concept: Teaching & Learning

F

Objectives

After reading about this concept, you will be able to:

  • Discuss patient educational approaches that is facilitated by the nurse.
  • Identify and compare the different learning domains within patient education.
  • Describe the attributes and criteria of learning
  • Discuss theories of health behavior and distinguish pedagogy, andragogy, and geragogy.
  • Summarize the characteristics of adult learners
  • Identify factors that affect learning
  • Discuss the implications of using the Internet as a source of health information

Nursing Standard 5B: Heath Teaching & Health Promotion

Standards

Last Semester

Therapeutic Communication

  • Communication with a purpose
  • Goal is to improve the health of the client
  • Communication that has a plan

Last Semester

As Opposed to:

Social Communication

Examples:

Therapeutic

Communication is a Pathway to the Patient's Goal!

E

What is needed before therapeutic communication can occur?

  • Trust
  • Sense of Dignity & Respect
  • Confidence

Non-Healthcare

Examples?

Plain Language

Activity

What's the Goal

of Teaching?

D

Help people

make a CHANGE!!

Why is Change so Critical in Health Care?

Why is Change so Critical in Health Care?

(Schroeder, 2007)

Change Theories

Change Theories

  • Transtheoretical Model of Change

  • Dorothea Orem's Self Care Deficit

  • Levin’s Change Model

  • Health Belief Model

Levin's Change Model

Levin's Change Model

A three-stage model of change

that requires prior learning to be

rejected and replaced

B

Health Belief Model:

Attempts to explain and predict health behaviors by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals

C

Transtheoretical Model of Change:

Proposes that health behavior change involves progress through various stages of change:

(1) Precontemplation

(2) Contemplation

(3) Preparation

(4) Action

(5) Maintenance

Stages of Change: Primary Tasks

C

Orem's Self- Care Deficit

  • Focuses on optimizing the patient's ability to assume responsibility for his/her own care.

  • Motivation is based on the anticipation of resuming this responsibility.

  • Self-Care is a regulatory function that is a "deliberate action to supply or ensure the supply of necessary materials needed for continued growth, development, and maintenance of human development.

Nurses as Teachers

One of many roles of the professional nurse

(ANA Standards of Practice)

Families & Caregivers

Clients

Nurses as Teachers

Public

Colleagues

Academia

The Art of Teaching

Goal-directed activities intentionally designed to produce specific learning

The Art of Teaching

Responsibility of the Teacher in the Learning Process

  • Connect with the learner's personal meaning
  • Find the level of communication
  • Do not make assumptions about knowledge
  • Consider culture

Importance of Effective Teaching

Effective Teaching Characteristics

Types of Teaching

Effective Teaching

Teaching Activity

Characteristics of

Effective Teaching

Effective Teaching

  • Holds the learner's interest
  • Involves learner in process & creates a partnership
  • Fosters positive self-concept & self-efficacy
  • Sets realistic goals
  • Directed at helping learner meet objectives
  • Supports learner with positive feedback & reinforcement
  • Accurate and current
  • Appropriate for learner's age, condition & abilities
  • Optimistic, positive & non-threatening
  • Uses variety of teaching methods & multi-sensory opportunities
  • Evaluates learning
  • Gathers information from reliable sources
  • Is cost effective

Video

Barriers to Learning

  • Lack of social support or systems
  • Cultural differences
  • Lack of financial resources
  • Lack of time
  • Frequent interruptions

Barriers to Learning

RN role with Barriers

RN Role with Barriers

Being mindful of barriers...

  • Lack of time and multiple demands
  • Not a priority due to staffing/issues, payment etc.
  • Perception of effectiveness
  • RN knowledge and motivation
  • RN attitude

Types of Teaching

Andragogy

Types of Teaching

Pedagogy

What educational method is right for my patient?

Pedagogy vs Androgogy

Pedagogy= Assists children in learning

Androgogy= Adult learning

Learning for the adult is focused on an immediate need to address a personal issue or to solve a problem.

The nurse can facilitate this goal versus impart knowledge

Learning Styles

Adult Learning Strategies

What are the learning goals of the patient?

Many adults enter a learning situation with a rich history of experiences that should be drawn upon to enhance the present learning.

Adults learn best when there is a perceived learning need (internal motivation) and in the information is pertinent to the immediate situation.

Helping Adults Self-actualize and Learn!

Child has a hard time learning in school if they're hungry.

College student has limited ability to concentrate and learn after an all night study session

Patients cannot concentrate if they are in pain

Generational Learning

  • Pertains not only to age, but to the era in which the individual was raised

  • Takes into consideration political and social experiences of the individual

Learning Process

Teaching Process

Planning: Determine learning needs and style

Implementation: Carrying out the plan using flexibility

Evaluation: Determine learning outcomes that match the domain of the of learning

Documentation: Document patient education in EHR.

Example: Psychomotor skills require that the patient does something such as performing a skill. A quiz or survey wouldn't address that.

Attributes of Learning

Learning is:

  • An experience that occurs inside the learner
  • The discovery of personal meaning & relevance of ideas
  • A consequence of experience
  • A collaborative & cooperative process
  • An evolutionary process that builds on past learning & experiences
  • A process that is both intellectual & emotional

Attributes of Learning

Learning is a . . .

Learning is impacted by . . .

  • Change in human disposition or capability that persists
  • Internal process that is the consequence of experience
  • Represented by change in behavior

  • Skill/knowledge of the teacher
  • Environment
  • Learner characteristics:
  • Developmental level
  • Cultural/language
  • Socioeconomic background
  • Previous knowledge & experience

Aspects of Learning

  • Learning need:
  • Desire or requirement to know something that is presently unknown to learner

  • Compliance/adherence

Concepts Related to Teaching and Learning

Concepts Related to Teaching and Learning

  • Development
  • Cognition
  • Physical
  • Mental
  • Communication
  • Therapeutic Communication
  • Documentation
  • Health, Wellness, and Illness
  • Illness-wellness continuum
  • Health promotion
  • Variables influencing health
  • Physical fitness & exercise
  • Oral health
  • Normal sleep-rest patterns

VARK

Activity

1) Open a new browser and go to . . . .

http://vark-learn.com/the-vark-questionnai...

1) Open a new browser and go to . . . .

http://vark-learn.com/the-vark-questionnaire/

Complete the online self-assessment

2) At your table, complete In-Class Activity #1

Nurses as Learners

Nursing education is affected by:

  • Federal and state regulations
  • Professional Standards

Nurse education prepares practitioners with beginning skills but you must continue learning to keep current

Nurses as Learners

Lifelong Learning

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