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Roman Greece
Ramida, Atthanon, Thawan, Jirachaya, Areeya 1007
Geographical formations including mountains, seas, and islands formed natural barriers between the Greek city-states and forced the Greeks to settle along the coast
The land of Greece is full of mountains. Around 80% of the Greek mainland is mountainous. This made it difficult to make long journeys by land. The mountains also formed natural barriers between the major city-states.
Geography
Rome Conquer Greece
Map
Tetrarchy
Tetrarchy
Roman Greece split into half
Greece Rome split into half
Cites
Cites
When Roman invade Greece and capture it.
Rome Divide Greece into Provinces = Archens, Epirus, Statan, Thrace
The main City is mostly in archen provine. Which have Athen, Sparta, Corinth
Athens
Is a City that is a important Trade city and It have one of the most Brutal fleet
Sparta
is a city that have one of the most brutal army in the ancient Greece and when roman invade Greece roman hired Sparta army to war with them too and that why roman like Sparta
Corinth
It is the first city that roman invade and capture and it is the central city of roman because it geography was very important it can travel around the Greece and the city can trade around the Greece too.
Religion
Religion
- Roman religion were animistic in nature(believe in spirit.)
- Individual believe are unimportant but strict at the ritual and the steps
- Most god are copies from Greek and some are from other religion from country that the Roman conquer
- Many small cult such as Bacchus which later was subdue and dispersed
- Roman doesn't like Jews and christian
Roman copied Greek gods!
God
- Romans adopted many of the Greek gods.
- Roman Gods were also anthropomorphic.
- Roman built temples to be home for the gods.
Temple of Jupiter in Lebanon
Neptune / Poseidon
Poseidon
- Roman adopted Greek God Poseidon and named him Neptune.
- He was the God of the sea and had bad tempers.
- His weapon is a trident that caused earthquakes and tempests.
-The differences between Poseidon and Neptune were that Neptune had dark hair and a sea-green robe. He sat in a large shell pulled by seahorses.
-On the other hand, Poseidon always traveled in the water on his chariot.
Poseidon on his chariot
Neptune sitting on a large shell
Juno / Hera
Hera
-Roman goddess Juno was equivalent to Hera the Greek goddess.
-They were both god of marriage and the queen of all gods.
-They were different in some parts. Hera was jealous of Zeus’s various girlfriends, and she spent most of her time getting revenge on his love affairs while Juno did not. Another way Hera and Juno were different was that Juno was the moon god while Hera was not.
Hera
Juno
Jupiter / Zeus
Roman adopted Greek god Zeus and gave a new name Jupiter. He was the gods of sky and thunder as well as the king of all gods. For Romans, Jupiter was believed to protect to Roman state and control all aspect of life.
Zeus
Roman and the Jews
Fight between
religions
Roman hates jews and christian so much their kings always blame the jews for the bad things that happens at that time. Roman once lead a war causing thousand of destruction of Jerusalem and killing of thousand of jews people. Christian also seen to be as a small fraction of jews so the emperor or king of roman at that time doesn’t like the christian too. Later when the christ religion spread to Rome through the women child and slave at the end christian have been recognized in the roman.
Odometer
is an instrument that is used to measure distance.
Invention
Alarm clocks
The first alarm clock was created in ancient Greece
elaborate system of dropping pebbles onto a gong in order to make a sound.
Alarm clocks
The concept of the Lever
The lever was first described by the Greek mathematician
The use of the lever eventually made possible the construction of the iconic, massive buildings of the ancient era.
The Lever
Economy
Economy
Agriculture, trading, and mining were three key pillars of ancient Greek and Roman economy.
Agriculture
Harvesting grapes in Ancient Greek
Agriculture
- Greek agriculture continued under the Roman empire was the same as it had previously.
- More than half of the Greek population were farmers and ranchers.
- Only 20% of the land was good for agriculture.
- The Greek farmers tried to make the most of the fertile land by growing barley, olives, grapes and other kinds of fruits.
- Ranchers had their goat and sheep ranches in the rocky areas.
Gathering olives in Ancient Roman
Mining
Mining
- Mining was one of the most important industries of both Greek and Roman.
- Two types of mining.
1. Open cast mining produced rocks, clay and metals. They were used for civil, hydraulic engineering, producing durable goods, and art objects, such as dishes and statutes.
2. Underground mining produced metals, gold, silver, tin, and lead. They were used to produce coins, weapons, water conduits and a stain for ornamental painting.
Ancient Roman mining
Trading
Ancient Greek sea trade
Greek coin
Trading
- Being part of Roman empire, Greek was at peace under Roman Law. This led to economical progress especially in the cities such as Athen, Corinth, and Alexandria.
- Greek became a major crossroads of maritime trade between Rome and the Greek speaking eastern half of the empire.
- Greek relied heavily of sea trade because of its low agricultural productivity.
- Main imported items of Greek were wheat, salt fish, Papyrus, wood, and metals such as tin, copper, and silver.
- Greek's common export items were olives and grapes.
- Coins were used as for exchange.
- Slave trade was also common in Greek due to the need of labors in various industries.
Ancient Roman sea trade
Roman coin
Full male citizens were allowed to cast votes for political candidates and proposed legislation. Other male citizens were allowed to cast votes, but could not hold office. Women were not permitted to vote or hold political offices.
Greece is the first democracy that has been founded to prevent aristocracy from regaining power then citizens got right to votes and able to run for office which is 20 percent of Greek population, though non-citizens and salves still not allowed.
Government
Rise
Rise
- At first, Roman Empire conquers Macedonia and it becomes part of the Roman Empire.
Rise and
Fall
Fall
Roman Empire splits into two parts: Western and Byzantine . And Greece end up being in east parts.
Fall
Patracian
High class
Middle class
Lower class
Slave
Social
Structure
Social Structure
Patracian class on the top It is a roman top rank like general and government or people that have a lot of power.
Upper class is a Athen government or people that have power.
Middle Class is a Normal Athen citizent but it has to be a male that born in greece or have right to vote.
Lower class is a female that born in greece and other people from other place
The slaves use in farming and mining usually.
Art
Roman art copies many of the art of country that they conquer
They love to use marble to create a fine art
Most of the roman fine art are the copies one of greeks
Roman known for their ambition to turn each of the countries art that they copy into a more finer art
later they tried to adapt their own way of drawing and sculpting reaching state of more realism.
Art
Language
Latin was a roman native language an Italic language the grammar of which relies little on word order. The alphabet was also based on Etruscan alphabet which was based of greek language.
Language
Timeline
"Captive Greece captured her rude conqueror"
This is the quotes by Horace in Greece.
It meaning that
When the Romans conqueror Greece, they also copies the Greek culture and becomes integrated their own culture. The Greek forms of art and statuary begin to appear in Roman culture.
“ Captive Greece captured her rude conqueror “
-The word Tetrarchy means "rule of four."
-The word refers to the division of an organization or government into four parts with a different person ruling each part.
-The Roman has to divided in to four parts because the area of land is too big and in different part has different culture
so it is hard to control it all.