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Sources
“Inter-Tribal Council of the Five Civilized Tribes > Home.” Inter-Tribal Council of the Five
Civilized Tribes > Home, www.fivecivilizedtribes.org/.
“The Trail of Tears .” American Pageant, by David M. Kennedy, 16th ed., Cengage Learning,
2015, pp. 258–260
In 1830, Jackson order the bodily removal of all the indians. Also know as the Treaty of Daning Rabbit feet. This moved all five of the civilized Indian tribes including the Choctaw,Creek, Chickasaw, Seminole, and Cherokee tribes out of their land and into designated territories. Most Idians where moved by what is know as the Trail of Tears, where the US Army marched the tirbes to their alloted land which was located in what is now present day Oklahoma. Thousands of Indians died becasue of the harsh weather condiotns and lack of resources. The March took place in 1838 amd ended in 1839.
Most of the Cherokee Indians tried to lean the ways of the whites. They abandonded their semi-nomatic lifestyle and adopted a system of agriculture, which in turn lead to some becoming successful cotton farmers. They even opened schools with the encouragemnet of sent missionaries. In 1827 the tribe tried to adopt a written consitution through a legal code they had set in place but in 1828 the tribe council was decleared illegal so the legal code was invaild. The Cherokke took the issue to the Supreme court but president Jackson refused to accept the verdict
The Chicksaw nation started out as a part of the Choctaw nation and were settled in now present day parts of Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama. But they were unhappy with the treaty so the broke off in 1855 and created it's own government. There boundries were created with a treaty involving the US and the Chicksaw nation.
The removal of the tribe caused more that 20,000 to die. But before that through the efforts of missionaries the Choctaw accepted an alien religion and set a list of morals. They also established a educational system which started in 1821 but it finally kick-started after they were moved and schools became more relevant. The three districts of Oklahoma where the Choctaw resided where Pushmataha, Apukshunnubbee, and Mushulatubbee.
Before European contact this was a union of several tribes that had developed into a confederacy. This was the most sophisticated political organization of their time and place. After they moved they created farms and plantations on the Arkansas and Verdigris rivers.But during the Civil War the battles were brought to their territory, even though they were neutral. They soon realized that neutrality was impossible and the tribe split and fought for both sides.
Through 1835-42 the Seminoles were engaged in a gorilla war with the US. In 1837, an American field commander seized the Seminole leader, Osceola, form there the Seminoles were doomed in the war. But it still went on for another 5 years. After some fled to the Everglades. They refused to live under the Creek Indians so they created a treaty with the US and Creek indians in 1856. They were established in the land between the South Carolina river and North Canadian.