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Theories of Deviance

Brief History of Discourse of Deviance

History of Discourse of Deviance

Before the study of deviance became what it is today, there were both non-academic and academic approaches to understanding deviance/ deviant behavior.

Religious Explanation of Deviance

Religion

The institution of religion would define deviant behavior in supernatural/ other worldly language that would account for deviant/ deviant behavior.

Possessions

The devil sends demons to

posses people who engage

in violating God's law. It clearly defines moral behavior from immoral behavior.

Evil Spirits

Dante's Divine Comedy

Connecting Deviance to biology

Biology and Deviant Behavior

This kind of discourse correlates deviance to biology--brain size, body type, and with the development of genetic coding, genes are attributed to deviance/ deviant behavior.

Lombroso

DOB: 6 November 1835

DOD: 19 October 1909

Cesare Lombroso

Italian criminologist, physician , and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology

Facial Features

Frued

DOB: 6 May 1856

DOD: 23 September 1939

Frued

Founder of psychoanalysis,

Influenctial ideas: Psychoanalysis, Dream Interpretation, Oedipal Complex, and Electra Complex. Id, Ego, Super-ego.

Ecological Fallacy

An ecological fallacy is a fallacy in the interpretation of statistical data where inferences are made about the nature of individuals are deduced from inference for the group to which those individuals belong. Ecological fallacy sometimes refers to the fallacy of division.

Sociological Analysis

Why do blacks commit more crime, The Rationalist

Statistics

Spurious

Is a faulty logic based on inaccurate, or partial data, information, and observations.

Examples: Blacks are inherently criminals.

People with small skulls are

criminals, because they have a

small brain cavity.

Emile Durkheim

DOB: Apr 15, 1858

DOD: November 15, 1917

Sociologist

Work: The Division of Labor, Suicide, Elementary Forms of Religious Life, Methods of Sociological Research

Robert Merton

DOB: July 04, 1910

DOD: February 23, 2003

Merton

“A cardinal American virtue, 'ambition,' promotes a cardinal American vice, 'deviant behavior.'”

Relationship between Social Values and Social Structure

Strain Theory

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