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THE MOVEMENT OF THE RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT
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THE MOVEMENT OF THE RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT
Teresa Pérez Rodríguez
BASIC PRINCIPLES
HUMANITY
1. HUMANITY
"The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance without discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield, endeavours, in its international and national capacity, to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found. Its purpose is to protect life and health and to ensure respect for the human being. It promotes mutual understanding. friendship, co-operation and lasting peace amongst all peoples"
"The fundamental principles are the basis of our humanitarian action".
INDEPENDENCE
3. INDEPENDENCE
"The Movement is independent. The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the human-itarian services of their governments and subject to the laws of their respective coun-tries, must always maintain their autonomy so that they may be always able to act in accordance with the principles of the Movement"
2. IMPARTIALITY
"The Movement makes no discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions. It endeavours to relieve the suffering of individuals, being guid-ed solely by their needs, and to give priority to the most urgent cases of distress"
IMPARTIALITY
b. Proportional relief
a. Equality of human beings
4. voluntary Service
"It is a voluntary relief movement not prompted in any manner by desire. for gain"
VOLUNTARY SERVICE
- Impartiality in the provision of medical care
- Basic principle of neutrality of medical action
Henry Dunant
1828-1910
ORIGINS AND FOUNDATION
Battle of Solferino
1859
"Memory of Solferino"
1862
1st QUESTION
- “Would it not be possible, in time of peace and quiet, to form relief societies for the purpose of having care given to the wounded in wartime by zealous, devoted and thoroughly qualified volunteers?”
THE FOUNDING OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS
A ICRC historian Pierre Boissier wrote:
“The resolutions and recommendations adopted at the conference of October 1863 constitute the fundamental charter for the relief of persons wounded in war. They are among the few fundamental texts which have positively influenced the destiny of man. They have not eliminated war but they have diminished its hold over man and have deprived it of innumerable victims. In the great book of humanity, it pleads in favour of the human being”.
2nd QUESTION
- "Would it not be desirable to formulate some international principle, sanctioned by a Convention inviolate in character, which, once agreed and ratified, might constitute the basis for societies for the relief of the wounded in the different European countries?”
Respect to the wounded and the medical personnel
Suspension of combat
MEANING OF THEIR EMBLEMS
Symbols of:
- Humanity
- impartiality
- neutrality
- independence
- voluntary service
- Unity
- Universality
Much ground was covered in just a few years after the conflict of Solferino. Only five years separated the battle and the adoption of the initial Geneva Convention.
Dunant was able to turn the trauma of Solferino into a book and two ideas with an exceptional future: the Red Cross and the Geneva Convention.
CONCLUSION
https://youtu.be/u5bCVVitWJ0
INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW
IHL
International humanitarian law (IHL) is a set of rules that, for humanitarian reasons, tries to limit the effects of armed conflicts. It protects people who don’t or no longer participate in the fighting.
Its main objective is to impose limits on the processes of violence through the restriction of certain means and methods of combat, and also maintains the respect for non-derogable rights in all armed conflicts.
International humanitarian law is only applicable when an armed conflict has begun and it is applied equally to all parties, regardless of who started the conflict.