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Odinani and Ifa/Orisa
53
Odinani and Ifa/Orisa:
Reconcillation in Nigeria
Nat Hill
Religion 330
A Divided Nigeria
Nigeria is a textbook example of a post-colonial multicultural state.
Religion, Ethnicity, Lanuage, Economics are all cleavages that divide Nigeria
A Divided Nigeria
Religious Divisions
Ethnic Divisions
British and Modern Nigeria divides Nigeria up into 3 basic regions
Ethnic Divisions
Over 500 ethnic groups
Colonial Nigeria
Both Igbo and Yoruba were ensalved by Europeans
Britsh Policy of Indirect Rule
Extensive missionary work slowly corroded Igbo & Yoruba, religion & society
Colonial Nigeria
Colonialism strengthened the ethnic divide as the British played one side against another
Nigeria gained indpendent in 1960
"Odiani" Igbo Religion
Supreme Creator named Chukwu
Many different deities known Alusi as an extension of creator
The Chi or spirit dominates the body and the Universe
"Odiani" Igbo Religion
Feminine diety as Ala represents the Earth
Worshiping and honoring ancestors or Ndichie is crucial
The Yam (Ji) and the Yam harvest occurs frequently in the Igbo Year and belief
Occurs in the Obeah tradition in the Carribean
Biafra War
Igbo's Attempt to succed from Nigerian State in 1966
Painful memory in Igbo's past
Current attempts to succeed and sporadic violence
Biafra War
Yoruba-Igbo Relations
Difference in leadership and goverance in Yoruba and Igbo
- Igbo more decentralized around local villages
- Yoruba centered around large city states such as Ife
- This dynamic is refelected in religious systems
Yoruba-Igbo Relations
Poltical Parites attempt to implement policies that support each groups intrest
A "Cat and Mouse" relationship between the two groups
Traditional Peacemaking
Using traditional beliefs and terms to mend conflicts either within a group or between two different groups
Usually avoids Western notions of justice and peacemaking , such as courts, policing, imprisonment
Traditional Peacemaking
The similarities between Odinani and Ifa/Orisa make the logical choice to use it in implementing traditional peacemaking in Nigeria
Reconcilliation
Chukwu=Olodumare/Obatala
Egun= Ndichie
Aye=Ala
Ori=Chi
Alusi=Orisa
Reconcilliation
Amadioha=Shango
Dibia=Babalowo
Agwu=Esu
Ikenga=Ogun
Alà mmúọ́=Iwa Pele/Ase
ígbá áfà=
Conclusion
The spirit and the Earth is something that every Yoruba/Igbo can understand
Creating a unqiu
Conclusion
If you adapt the sycrnetic attitudes of both belief systems you can also use Christianity as a combinde force to mend these too populations.