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Anatomy Timeline

Ancient Egyptians mummified their dead. For religious reasons, the organs were removed and kept "alive" by being placed in canopic jars.

1600 BC

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted

3rd Century BC

The oldest branch of medicine, anatomy, started with dissections of human bodies in Alexandria in the third century B.C., mostly using pigs and monkeys. Up until the Renaissance, medical research was influenced by the dubious claims of physician Julius Galen.

12th Century

There were no prohibitions against dissecting and researching the human body throughout the Islamic Middle Ages. In fact, physicians like Ibn Zuhr often performed autopsy. Some of Galen's research on human anatomy—which was based on the Barbary macaque—was confirmed by Ibn Zuhr.

15th Century

Leonardo da Vinci and Berengario da Carpi's Anatomia Carpi marked the beginning of novel anatomical investigations, while Andreas Vesalius used cadaver studies for precise illustrations in his De Humani Corporis Fabrica.

16th Century

Andreas Vesalius, an anatomist and surgeon during the Renaissance, established the field of anatomy by attending public corpse dissections and exposing more than 200 inaccuracies in Galen's writings on the subject. Vesalius' thorough research, which proved the accuracy of muscles, tendons, and nerves, changed anatomy and medicine.

17th Century

Physicians and the general people became more interested in anatomy throughout the Renaissance as they yearned to observe the human body for themselves. Cities developed anatomical theaters, drawing both the wealthy and the underprivileged to watch public dissection demonstrations.

18th Century

French anatomist Honoré Fragonard uses his dissection abilities to produce long-lasting works of art by coloring blood veins with wax, drying them out, and varnishing them. At the Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, this method is still on display. Whole-body specimens were developed in the 18th century, some of which included metal alloys.

19th Century

The development of human macroscopic anatomy principles gave rise to a specialized subject and raised awareness of anatomy among the general population. However, when anatomy turned into a science in the 19th century, the general public was not allowed to watch dissections.

20th Century

In the early 20th century, the study of anatomy was broadened beyond medical students and doctors, with kids learning through multilayered paper dolls. Inexpensive plastic anatomical models rose to popularity in the 1950s and 1960s. Students can now learn about the structure and functioning of the human body using both historical models and contemporary computer tools.

Sources

Kapit, Wynn and Lawrence E. Elson.The Anatomy Coloring Book. New York: Addison Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., 1993.

https://americanhistory.si.edu/anatomy/history/nma03_history_learning1.html

Atkinson, Bertie. History of Anatomy: Its Origins and the Timeline. September 5, 2022.

https://malevus.com/history-of-anatomy/

Whalley, Angelina. History of Anatomy. Body Worlds. 2023.

https://bodyworlds.com/about/history-of-anatomy/

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