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Cognitive Dissonance Theory

By: Kyra Jackson

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Cognitive Dissonance Theory

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History

H

Cognitive Dissonance

Created by - Leon Festinger

Created in - 1957

History

"Festinger theorized that when an individual holds two or more elements of knowledge that are relevant to each other but inconsistent with one another, a state of discomfort is created. He called this unpleasant state dissonance."

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I Just Lied

State of Discomfort

Lying Is Wrong

Core Belief

Action

Cognitive Dissonance

Element 1

Element 2

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Three Relationship Cognitions

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Dissonance

Consonance

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Irrelevance

Consonant

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Consonant

I like apples

apples are healthy

Dissonance

2

Dissonance

I like drugs

drugs are not healthy

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Irrelevance

3

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Irrelevance

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I like apples

drugs are not healthy

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Resolving Dissonance

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Fstinger theorized that when a person is in an unpleasant state, they are motivated by that unpleasant state of dissonance to engage in one of three actions to reduce the inconsistency and dissonance.

1

Change Beliefs

Changing your basic beliefs will reduce feelings of dissonance.

Foundational Beliefs

I like drugs

Dissonance

drugs are unhealthy

New Beliefs

No Dissonance

I like drugs

drugs are healthy

2

Change Actions

Changing your actions will reduce feelings of dissonance

First Action

apples are expensive

Dissonance

I like apples

New Action

No Dissonance

I like apples

I will grow my own apples

3

Change Perception of Action

Changing the way you perceive the action will reduce dissonance

Foundational Perception

Dissonance

I am a liar

Lying is wrong

New Perception

No Dissonance

I am a liar

Lying is okay if you do it for the right reason

Cognitive Dissonance Experiment

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Reference

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  • https://web.mst.edu/~psyworld/cognitive_dissonance.htm

  • https://www.simplypsychology.org/cognitive-dissonance.html

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SImhHFfdhI

  • http://www.cios.org/encyclopedia/persuasion/Dcognitive_dissonance_1theory.htm

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