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Vibrations

and Wave Phenomena

Defined in Physics

Defined in Physics

Waves and vibrations in physics can include sound, light, electromagnetic waves, water waves, and more. These are all related because they can be described in similar ways and they each involve periodic motion.

Waves

Imagine dropping a stone into a pool and watching the ripples. A wave is a disturbance, or transfer of energy in the form of wave fronts.

Waves

Basic Structure of a Wave

Basic Structure

(This should look familiar to anyone who's been through Precalc)

As Seen in Instruments

As Seen in Instruments

Depending on the the size and structure of an instrument, sounds are created at natural vibrational frequencies. These natural frequencies of a musical instrument are called the harmonics. Resonance is when parts of an instrument interact and force each other into vibrating at their harmonics, or standing wave patterns.

Calculating Variables for a Taut String

The velocity of a traveling wave in a stretched string is determined by the tension and the mass per unit length of the string.

Calculations

Frequency

Frequency of a Guitar String

v= velocity

f= frequency

Hz= Hertz

Calculating Speed (Velocity) of a Violin String

Speed (Velocity)

f= frequency

m= mass

L= length

Calculating Tension of a Violin String

Tension

T= tension (N)

L= length

m= mass

f= frequency

Measuring Simple and Harmonic Motion

Measuring Simple Harmonic Motion

Period and frequency measure time in the motion of a pendulum. This is very helpful in music. Amplitude helps identify the size of the vibration of a sound.

Amplitude, Period and Frequency

Amplitude - the maximum displacement from equilibrium

Period - the time that it takes a complete cycle to occur

Frequency - the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time

Energy

Mechanical Energy - when an object has the ability to do work due to its position or motion (takes form in either potential or kinetic)

Kinetic Energy - energy due to an object's motion

Potential Energy - stored energy due to an object's position

Energy

Thank You!

for sitting through this boring presentation but hey now you know a little something about vibrations and wave phenomena :)

Work Cited

Work Cited

Work Cited

“Physics of Stringed Instruments.” Explore Sound, Acoustical Society of America , 27 Sept. 2017, exploresound.org/2017/02/physics-stringed-instruments/.

“Waves.” Waves Power Point , www.augusta.k12.va.us/cms/lib01/VA01000173/Centricity/Domain/396/Waves-new.pdf.

“Measurements With a Steel String.” Standing Waves on a String, hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Waves/string2.html#c2.

“Guitar Strings.” The Physics Classroom, The Physics Classroom , www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/Lesson-5/Guitar-Strings.

Omiexstrike. “Violin String Wavelength.” Physics Forums Science Articles, Homework Help, Discussion, Physics Forums , 7 Apr. 2017, www.physicsforums.com/threads/violin-string-wavelength.740379/.

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