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GEORGE ORWELL

Computer (neri)

1984

SETTING

INGSOC

INNER PARTY

INNER PARTY

They live in spacious, comfortable homes, have good food and drink, personal servants, and speedy transportation such as personal helicopters and automobiles.

Its members make policy, influence decisions, and govern.

OUTER PARTY

OUTER PARTY

The Outer Party members work the state's administrative jobs, consisting of the educated workers who are responsible for the direct implementation of the Party's policies while having absolutely no voice in their formulation.

They are allowed "no vices other than cigarettes and Victory Gin" and they are the citizens under the heaviest surveillance.

PROLES

PROLES

The Proles (proletariat) are the lower class of workers, performing the bulk of manual labour required in Oceania. They live in the poorest conditions, but they may be considered more fortunate than the Outer Party members as they are under less surveillance. The Party keeps them happy and sedates them with alcohol, gambling, sport, sexual promiscuity, and prolefeed (fabricated entertainment, including pornography).

Helicopter

TELESCREEN AND MICROPHONES

· “He took his scribbling pad on his knee and pushed back his chair so as to get as far away from the telescreen as possible. To keep your face expressionless was not difficult, and even your breathing could be controlled, with an effort: but you could not control the beating of your heart, and the telescreen was quite delicate enough to pick it up.” (1.7.22)

So, could George Orwell's theory about our future really be plausible?

BUT have you ever read the privacy policy of each service you use?

RATIONING OF GOODS

“Had it always been like this? Had food always tasted like this?”

“Was it not a sign that this was not the natural order of things, if one's heart sickened at the discomfort and dirt and scarcity, the interminable winters, the stickiness of one's socks, the lifts that never worked, the cold water, the gritty soap, the cigarettes that came to pieces, the food with its strange evil tastes?”

Has a “sickly, oily smell” and tastes “like nitric acid.”

taste terrible and fall apart easily, one of the small ways the party makes life unpleasant for it members.

NEWSPEAK

Newspeak

Newspeak and Doublethink

  • The Appendix stands as Orwell's explanation of Newspeak.
  • It loses words.
  • Official adoption in 2050.
  • Three different groups of vocabulary words (A, B, C).

“To know and not to know, to be conscious of complete truthfulness while telling carefully constructed lies, to hold simultaneously two opinions which cancelled out, knowing them to be contradictory and believing in both of them, to use logic against logic, to repudiate morality while laying claim to it, to believe that democracy was impossible and that the Party was the guardian of democracy, to forget whatever it was necessary to forget, then to draw it back into memory again at the moment when it was needed, and then promptly to forget it again: and above all, to apply the same process to the process itself"

DOUBLETHINK

Doublethink

THOUGHT POLICE

CHILDREN'S ROLE

THOUGHT SPIES

SLOGAN

Like most slogans in our world, here they are used for propaganda purposes as well and to keep the population of Oceania docile in their miserable lives.

WAR IS PEACE

WAR

The Party forced the people to believe that constant war is actually a good way to maintain peace.

Constant war shows that

people are sacrificing,

pledging, and giving

devotion to the country

and consequently to the

government. As a result,

this keeps people under

control and in check.

IGNORANCE IS STRENGHT

It means that, if people remain ignorant of the facts, they would not be able to raise questions against governments; therefore, it would help the concerned government in making a country “stronger.”

IGNORANCE

The main agenda of the Party was to promote “double thinking,” which describes an act of accepting two equally contradictory ideas simultaneously as correct in a distinct social context.

FREEDOM IS SLAVERY

Ingsoc wants to take away the stressful requirements of decision making and the consequences that people who are self-determined must face on their own. Slavery is defined by the responsibility people would be required to take for every aspect of their lives.

So something that is seemingly good, freedom, indicates something bad, slavery.

FREEDOM

TWO MINUTES HATE

TWO MINUTES

HATE

“The Hate rose to its climax. The voice of Goldstein had become an actual sheep’s bleat, and for an instant the face changed into that of a sheep. Then the sheep-face melted into the figure of a Eurasian soldier who seemed to be advancing, huge and terrible, his sub-machine gun roaring, and seeming to spring out of the surface of the screen, so that some of the people in the front row actually flinched backwards in their seats. But in the same moment, drawing a deep sigh of relief from everybody, the hostile figure melted into the face of Big Brother, black-haired full of power and mysterious calm, and so vast that it almost filled up the screen. Nobody heard what Big Brother was saying. It was merely a few words of encouragement, the sort of words that are uttered in the din of battle, not distinguishable individually but restoring confidence by the fact of being spoken.“

THE REAL PURPOSE: MANIPULATION

"The horrible thing about the Two Minutes Hate was not that one was obliged to act a part, but that it was impossible to avoid joining in. Within thirty seconds any pretence was always unnecessary.

PURPOSE

A hideous ecstasy of fear and vindictiveness, a desire to kill, to torture, to smash faces in with a sledge hammer, seemed to flow through the whole group of people like an electric current, turning one even against one's will into a grimacing, screaming lunatic. And yet the rage that one felt was an abstract, undirected emotion which could be switched from one object to another like the flame

of a blowlamp."

FIRST WORLD WAR AS A MODEL

George Orwell's conceptions of the Two Minutes Hate and of Hate Week derived from the psychological warfare used by the Central Powers during the First World War to disrupt the garrison-like routines that the entrenched armies had developed, consequent to the stalemate of trench warfare.

TERM'S ORIGINS

Britain and Germany

Pommier was attacked after that the two minutes hate of about 40 shells wounded three men and killed both the official commander's horses.

Ukraine and Russia

The "two minutes hate" were used also by Russian television which portrayed Ukrainian troops as monsters during the War in Donbass. For example in 2014 a report on Russian television showed that Ukrainian soldiers had crucified a three-year-old.

REWRITING HISTORY

"Who controls the present controls the past; who controls the past controls the future."

"He might turn the speech into the usual denunciation of traitors and thought-criminals, but that was a little too obvious; while to invent a victory at the front, or some triumph of over-production of the Ninth Three-Year Plan, might complicate the records too much. What was needed was a piece of pure fantasy."

"Oceania is in war with Eastasia. Oceania has always been in war with Eastasia.

Eurasia is our allied. Eurasia has always been our allied."

SPEAKWRITE

"With the deep, unconscious sigh which not even the nearness of the telescreen could prevent him from uttering when his day's work started, Winston pulled the speakwrite towards him, blew the dust from its mouthpiece, and put on his spectacles."

"If there is hope, it lies in the PROLES"

"Proles and animals are free"

"The proles had stayed human"

THE VERSIFICATOR

"Here were produced rubbishy newspapers containing almost nothing except sport, crime and astrology, sensational five-cent novelettes, films oozing with sex, and sentimental songs which were composed entirely by mechanical means on a special kind of kaleidoscope known as a versificator."

"The tune had been haunting London for weeks past. It was one of countless similar songs published for the benefit of the proles by a sub-section of the Music

Department. The words of these songs were composed without any human intervention whatever on an instrument known as a versificator. But the woman sang so tunefully as to turn the dreadful rubbish into an almost pleasant sound."

BIG BROTHER

Big Brother is the supreme ruler of Oceania, the leader of the Party, an accomplished war hero, a master inventor and philosopher, and the original instigator of the revolution that brought the Party to power.

The Party uses the image of Big Brother to instill a sense of loyalty and fear in the populace.

The image appears on coins, on telescreens, and on the large posters which are plastered all over the city with the slogan “Big Brother is watching you.”

WORD ORIGINS

  • Advertising billboards for educational correspondence courses from a company called Bennett's during World War II.

  • Douglas Kellner of the University of California, Los Angeles argued that Big Brother represents Joseph Stalin.

  • Brendan Bracken, the Minister of Information until 1945.

WORD ORIGINS

LOVE

LOVE

“If you loved someone, you loved him, and when you had nothing else to give, you still gave him love.”

George Orwell, 1984

Julia

  • Her rebellion is to her own desires;
  • She is realistic and intuitive;
  • She is apathetic to the Party's dogma;
  • Julia gives Winston hope.

"the sex instinct creates a world of it's own and is therefore out of the Party's control and must be eradicated"

Sexuality

Relationships are not based on true love and they are controlled.

Family are used only to give birth to new followers of the party

Family and marriages

O'BRIEN

RESISTANCE

GOLDSTEIN'S BOOK

PERSONAL CONSIDERATIONS

The Singapore's affair

1984 COMPARED WITH...

MAN IS STRONG

THE TRUMAN SHOW

1984 compared with...

Orwell against totalitarian regimes

Why did Orwell write 1984?

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