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1766 – 1844
Parents : Deborah Greenup, Joseph Dalton
Born : September 6, 1766, Eaglesfield, United Kingdom
Siblings: Mary Dalton, Jonathan Dalton
Died : July 27, 1844, Manchester, United Kingdom
School: Quaker grammar school in Eaglesfield.
Nationality: British, English
Works: Renewed the atomic theory, researched about color blindness, and developed his law of partial pressures known as "Dalton's law".
Occupation: Chemist, Physicist and Meteorologist.
Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.
Inspired by his own unusual perception of colour, he conducted the first ever research into colour blindness ,a subject which subsequently became known as Daltonism.
Notable Works: “Meteorological Observations and Essays” and “New System of Chemical Philosophy”.
Postulates of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
All matter is made up of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms.
All atoms of a specific element are identical in mass, size, and other properties. However, atoms of different element exhibit different properties and vary in mass and size.
Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed. Furthermore, atoms cannot be divided into smaller particles.
Atoms of different elements can combine with each other in fixed whole-number ratios in order to form compounds.
Atoms can be rearranged, combined, or separated in chemical reactions.
Dalton believed that his color blindness was due to a discoloration in his aqueous humour, believing it was bluish, filtering colors incorrectly (this turned out to be incorrect).
Color blindness is often called ‘Daltonism’ internationally as a reference to John Dalton.
Dalton’s brother was the only person he knew that saw color in the same inaccurate way that he did (color blindness is inherited through the X chromosome).
After his death, his eyes were preserved for further study of his color blindness.
DNA from Dalton’s eye was analyzed in 1995 and contrary to earlier assumptions that he was most likely had protan-type color vision deficiency, according to his genetic analysis he was found be a strong deutan-type.
https://www.famousscientists.org/john-dalton/
https://johndaltonemmakratz.weebly.com/daltonism-and-colorblindness.html
https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/diversity-in-science/scientists-with-disabilities/john-dalton/
John Dalton lived a quiet life in this vibrant and rising British industrial city. He never married but had a certain number of close friends who deeply appreciated his gentle personality and simplistic and philosophical approach as a Quaker.
Dalton had two influential mentors , Elihu Robinson, a rich intellectual with an interest in mathematics and science; and John Gough, a blind classics scholar and natural and experimental philosopher. Both these men inspired in Dalton an avid interest in meteorology that lasted for the rest of his life.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Daltonhttps://
www.britannica.com/biography/John-Dalton/Atomic-theory
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/03/sci_nat_the_life_and_work_of_john_dalton_%281766_1844%29/html/4.stm
https://www.universetoday.com/38169/john-daltons-atomic-model/
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