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What is the Curse of Tutankhamun?

King Tutankhamun

Life and Death

The Life and Death Story of the Young King

Heritage

Supposed Heritage

To the left is a family tree of Tutankhamun's estimated parents and grandparents. It can never be assumed as to whether these were King Tutankhamun's true birth family, but this is the estimate. The right of each layer names the King, and the left states the wife of the King

Summary - Reign as King

Reign as King

- After the death of Smenkhkare, Tutankhaten became king at the young age of 8

- He was married to Akhenaten’s third daughter, Ankhesenpaaton

- After reigning for three years, Tutankhaten left Akhetaten and moved to Memphis near modern Cairo

- There he issued a decree restoring temples, images, privileges, as well as personnel of the old gods

How Tutankhamun Died

How the King Died

- King Tutankhamun died at the age of 19

- There are many theories behind how King Tutankhamun died

- These include:

- King Tutankhamun suffered from malaria, meaning it is possible he died from that

- Necrosis, which he had in his left foot (he supposedly walked with a cane as approximately 100 canes were found in his tomb)

- A bone disorder that he had overcame his body

- Also possible that he died from sickle-cell disease as it was found in his body

Skull X-Ray

Burial

- King Tutankhamun was mummified

- Then, he was taken and buried in a small tomb in the Valley of Kings (where other ancient royals rest)

- More specifically, King Tutankhamun was buried in tomb KV62

- Despite its unusually smaller size, the tomb was filled with approximately 5,000 artefacts upon discovery

Documentary

Video

Video or Documentary - the King's Life

King Tutankhamun - History Of An Egyptian Pharaoh Documentary - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8PcMwBkRNo

50 Insane Facts You Didn't Know About King Tut - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4J1Y3FZAVnU

Video

Revealed: How King Tut Died - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3gTpj3YmRDg

Video - the King's Death

Quiz

Once observing all of the information on this page, here is a short quiz that can be completed for fun!

Quiz

https://take.quiz-maker.com/QN52V1Z54

The Discovery and the Curse

The Curse

The discovery of King Tutankhamun's tomb that unleashed the Curse that would rock the world

"The Excavation of King Tutankhamun's Mummy" National Geographic

Discovery of King Tutankhamun's Tomb

Discovery of the Tomb

King Tutankhamun's tomb was discovered on November 4th, 1922 by british archaeologist Howard Carter. The tomb, found in the Valley of the Kings, was guarded by a stone inscribed with "Death Shall Come on Swift Wings to Who Disturbs the Peace of the King". Following the discovery, a string of unexplainable deaths, injuries, illnesses and misfortune followed those who entered the tomb or were involved with its disruption.

The Curse - Media Sensation

Some six weeks after Tutankhamun’s tomb was opened, Lord Carnarvon, who had paid for the expedition, was dead. He had been bitten on the cheek by a mosquito and made matters worse by shaving over the bite, causing an infection, blood poisoning, pneumonia and death.

At the time of Carnarvon’s demise in a Cairo hotel, the lights went out across the city and in England the earl’s pet dog, Susie, howled and she fell down dead too.

Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes was a devoted spiritualist and claimed to have a direct line to Ancient Egypt. He thought doctors were being naive in declaring that the mosquito bite led to Carnarvon’s death. He believed in fact the earl died because he had desecrated the pharaoh’s tomb and unleashed the Curse of Tutankhamun, which sparked media interest in the “curse” around the world.

(see key events in the Timeline)

Videos

"Why the Curse of Tutankhamun Might Be Real"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kcf6L-p4rqg

"The History Of A Cursed Ancient Egyptian Tomb | Channel 5

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxot6xmDymQ

Quiz:

Once observing all of the information on this page, here is a short quiz that can be completed for fun!

https://take.quiz-maker.com/QZ52V5Z54

Quiz

Timeline

A colourised version of a b/w photograph of Howard Carter cleaning Tutankhamun's inner gold coffin, lying within the colourful middle coffin

February 17, 1923

King Tutankhamun's burial chamber is opened

September 26, 1923

Colonel Aubrey Herbert

Half brother of Lord Carnarvon, Colonel Aubrey Herbert dies from blood poisoning

May 16, 1923

Howard Carter working on the sarcophagus of King Tutankhamun

November 21, 1922

March 2, 1939

Lord Carnavon responds to Howard Carter's request for funding, and the excavation can continue

George Jay Gould dies from fever following visit to King Tutankhamun's tomb and a buzz surrounds the idea that the "curse" has taken another victim

November 19, 1924

Howard Carter, the discoverer of King Tutankhamun's tomb, dies in London

Timeline of the Curse

Sir Lee Stack is assassinated while driving through Cairo, a death affiliated with the "curse"

Lord Carnarvon with his daughter Lady Evelyn Herbert and Howard Carter at the top of the steps leading to Tutankhamun's tomb

Newspaper excerpt from May 17, 1923, detailing George Jay Gourld's death

April 6, 1928

April 5, 1923

November 4, 1922

O

A.C Mace (circled in red), a member of the excavation team, dies from arsenic poisoning

Lord Carnarvon dies suddenly, giving popularity to the "Curse of Tutankhamun,”. His death is likely explained by blood poisoning (progressing to pneumonia) after accidentally shaving an infected mosquito bite. Rumors spread that at the time he died, the lights in Cairo went out and city the people into darkness. Reportedly, at the same time, back at his home, his pet dog gave out a great howl and died.

Howard Carter's team begins to excavate King Tutankhmun's tomb

Entrance to King Tut's tomb, in the Valley of the Kings (Thebes)

Newspaper excerpt from April 6, 1923, detailing Lord Carnavon's death

July 10, 1923

January 15, 1924

November 23, 1922

Prince Ali Kamel shot dead by his wife in Cairo, weeks after visiting the tomb, rumoured to be a result of the "curse"

Breach made in tomb door and Tutankhamun's treasure is discovered

1972 - Treasures of King Tut are transported to London for exhibition at the British Museum. Dr Gamal Mehrez scoffs at “curse” and dies that night.

Sir Archibald Reid, who supposedly x-rayed the pharaoh, dies mysteriously

X-ray of King Tutankhamun

Scenes showing King Tut's funeral and his journey to the afterlife were painted on the walls inside of his tomb.

What are some possible explanations for the Curse of Tutankhamun?

Theories

Could toxins and bacteria found inside the tomb of Tutankhamun be responsible for the deaths previously attributed to the "curse"?

Tomb Toxins

Part 1

Was Lord Carnavon, and other members of the team for that matter, killed by exposure to ancient, toxic pathogens from the sealed tomb? Recent laboratory studies have revealed that some ancient mummies do indeed carry mould, researchers having identified at least two dangerous species; Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. The moulds can cause allergic reactions, presenting symptoms from congestion to bleeding in the lungs.

Part 2

A whole range of toxins have been discovered inside King Tutankhamun’s tomb, many of which are likely to cause damage to the human body. Tomb walls were covered with Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus, bacteria which damages the respiratory system. Ammonia gas, formaldehyde, and hydrogen sulphide were sealed inside the sarcophagus, strong concentrations of the gases are able to cause severe pneumonia-like symptoms, and death .

Floral collar discovered in King Tutankhamun's tomb. Funghi spores have been found to grow on grain and other flora materials within the tomb, such as flowers.

Part 3

The various moulds and toxins can be particularly harmful for people with weakened immune systems, which Lord Carnavon had due to a chronic illness. Lord Carnavon also presented pneumonia-like symptoms before he died. However, it is argued that Lord Carnavon died a few months after his visit to the tomb, meaning if he was exposed to toxins while in the tomb, symptoms of illness would likely have presented themselves sooner. Researchers are left with determining whether the deaths of those who have visited the tomb can be accounted for by the mould or the mummy’s curse.

Museum of Egyptian Antiques in Cairo, Egypt - A Virtual Tour of the King Tutankhamun Exhibit

Egyptian Museum Virtual Exhibit

https://egymonuments.gov.eg/news/a-virtual-tour-through-the-tutankhamun-collection-at-the-egyptian-museum/

Bibliography Part 1

Bibliography

Nov 4, 1922 CE: Excavation King Tutankhamun’s Tomb Begins | National Geographic Society. (n.d.). Education.nationalgeographic.org. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/king-tuts-tomb-discovered

The Discovery of King Tut’s Tomb timeline. (n.d.). Timetoast Timelines. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/the-discovery-of-king-tuts-tomb ‌

Mummy Mystery. (2016, August 8). History. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/king-tut#:~:text=HISTORIC%20DISCOVERY&text=Nearly%20a%20decade%20after%20coming

April Holloway. (n.d.). The Curse of Tutankhamen's Tomb: A Scientific Explanation? - Part 2. Www.ancient-Origins.net. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends-africa/curse-tutankhamen-s-tomb-scientific-explanation-part-2-00747

‌Lovgren, S. (2006, December 1). King Tut Died From Broken Leg, Not Murder, Scientists Conclude. History. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/king-tut-died-from-broken-leg--not-murder--scientists-conclude

Digging up trouble: beware the curse of King Tutankhamun. (2014, July 23). The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2014/jul/23/mummy-curse-legend-discovering-tutankhamun-ashmolean-museum

Snapshot: King Tutankhamun’s Tomb. (n.d.). Www.inspiringvacations.com. https://www.inspiringvacations.com/au/egypt-tours/experience-articles/snapshot-king-tutankhamuns-tomb/425

Bibliography Part 2

Howard Carter stole Tutankhamun’s treasure, new evidence suggests. (2022, August 13). The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2022/aug/13/howard-carter-stole-tutankhamuns-treasure-new-evidence-suggests

Laser scan reveals hidden chambers at the tomb of Tut Ankh Amun. (2017, July 27). UFOToday.com. https://ufotoday.com/ancient-history/egyptian/laser-scan-reveals-hidden-chambers-at-the-tomb-of-tut-ankh-amun

King Tut X-Ray & CT scan | Two Views. (n.d.). Www.two-Views.com. Retrieved October 26, 2022, from https://www.two-views.com/celebrity/king-tut-xray.html

floyd. (2014, July 17). How Did King Tut Die? SlideServe. https://www.slideserve.com/floyd/how-did-king-tut-die

jela. (2012, March 31). King Tut & King Menes. SlideServe. https://www.slideserve.com/jela/king-tut-king-menes

EI-Tawil, S., & EI-Tawil, T. (2003). Lord Carnarvon’s death: the curse of aspergillosis? The Lancet, 362(9386), 836. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14268-7

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