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Muslim Empire Timeline

Abby Keily

Birth of Muhammad

Muhammad is born in ~582 AD.

Birth of Muhammad

Muhammad's Revelation

When Muhammad was 40 years old, he meditated in a cave and the Angel Gabriel spoke to him.

Muhammad's Revelation

The Hijah

In 622 AD, Muhammad leaves Mecca for Yathrib because his followers were attacked.

The Hijah

Muhammad Returns to Mecca

In 630 AD, Muhammad and 10,000 followers returned to Mecca. Meccan leaders surrender and idols in the Ka'aba were removed.

Muhammad Returns to Mecca

Muhammad's Death

Muhammad died in 632 AD after unifying much of the Arabian Peninsula under Islam.

Muhammad's Death

Muhammad's Successor

Abu Bakr was the first Caliph and faced rebellion, people leaving, refusal to pay taxes, and other self-declared prophets. He later died in 684.

Muhammad's Successors

Other Successors

The other three "Rightly Guided" Caliphs were Umar, Uthman, and Ali. Unlike Umar, Uthman and Ali were killed.

The Umayyads

Some time after 661 AD, the Umayyads moved the capital to Damascus and created an expensive lifestyle.

Sunni Shi'a Split

Before 750 AD, the Sunni and Shi'a sects had an agrument over Muhammad's beliefs.

Sunni Shi'a Split

Shi'a

Shi'a

"the party of Ali"

The Shi'a believed that only a decendent of Muhammad could become a Caliph.

Sunni

Sunni

They supported Umayyads. They were followers of Muhammad's example.

Sufi

Sufi

A third sect that rejected the Umayyad's expensive lifestyle and deticated themselves to poverty and devoted themselves to a spirtual path.

Rule of the Abbasids

In 750 AD, the Abbasids took control over the empire. They moved the capitol to Baghdad and set up a bureaucracy. The Abbasid Caliphate lasted from 750-1258 AD.

Rule of the Abbasids

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