LIGHT
A reflection is when light comes into contact with a smooth surface and bounces off. An example of this is a mirror. The light bounces off of it so you see what is looking at the mirror.
A refraction is when light passes through a medium and changes it's form. An example of this is when you put a straw in a cup of water. The straw looks distorted because of the light bending.
A diffraction happens when the light comes into contact with a rough surface and the light becomes scattered. An example of this is when a CD appears to be rainbow.
This means most light can pass through this object. An example of this would be clear plastic.
This means only some light can pass through this object. An example of this is tissue paper.
This means that no light passes through this object. An example of this would be a human.