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Nikie Alino & Jy Alino

MAYON VOLCANO

INTRODUCTION

Mayon

Volcano

INTRODUCTION

  • The Mayon Volcano is an active stratovolcano on the island of Luzon in the Philippines.

  • This composite type volcano was named the world's most perfectly cone-shaped volcano for its symmetry.

  • Rises to a height of 2462 meters above the Albay Gulf. Latitude: 13°15’24” N Longitude: 123°41’6”E.

  • Very steep upper slopes averaging 35-40 degrees capped by a small summit crater.

PLATE TECTONIC OF MOUNT MAYON

  • Situated within the Bicol Volcanic Arc.

  • Located on a convergent boundary between the Eurasian Plate and Philippine Plate.

  • Mayon Volcano was formed in a subduction zone near the Philippine Sea Plate.

  • Part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.

PLATE TECTONIC

One of the most dangerous volcanoes in the Pacific Ring of of Fire (Nielsen, 2020).

Previous study using InSAR data, showing evidence of a left-lateral oblique slip movement of the fault North of Mayon (Hidayat et al., 2011).

Sinistral Strike-slip fault

The figure is from Lagmay (2005)

ERUPTION HISTORY

Erupted 66 times in the last 420 years.

The first recorded eruption was in 1616, and the last major eruption was on January 2018.

ERUPTION HISTORY AND HAZARDS

The oldest exposed sample of deposits that was taken by Meyer in 1985, has been dated about 5,000 years of age (Villarta, et.al.,1985).

The longest eruption happened June 23, 1897 that lasted for seven 7 days.

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The most devastating eruption happened on February 1, 1814 burying a nearby town to a depth of 9 meters where 2,200 people died (Cain, 2009).

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FORMATION HISTORY

Mayon Volcano is built through a combination of;

  • Lava flows
  • Crater
  • Pyroclastic surges from erosion
  • as well as Explosive past eruptions.

Formation History

These build up to make a steep-sided structure (stratovolcano).

Strombolian- 1616, 1978,

1st phase of 1984

eruption.

E

R

U

P

T

I

O

N

T

Y

P

E

S

Vulcanian- 1st phase of 1968, 2nd phase of 1984 eruption.

TYPES OF ERUPTION

Pelean- 2nd phase of 1968

Plinian- 1814

MOUNT MAYON

HAZARDS

Flowage and Non-Flowage Hazards

HAZARDS

Lava flows -

Pyroclastic flows -

Lahar -

Flood -

Landslides -

Airfall/Ash fall -

COMPOSITION OF MAGMA

AND VOLCANIC ROCKS

1

Most magmas composition found are;

  • Native sulfur and aluminum sulfate
  • Porphyritic augite-hypersthene andesite,
  • Basalt to basaltic andesite, and
  • Crystal-rich lavas with high phenocryst contents (20–45 vol%) are the volumetrically dominant deposits.

2

3

COMPOSITION OF MAGMA AND VOLCANIC ROCKS

  • Mineral assemblage (plagioclase + orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + Fe-Ti oxide ± olivine).
  • Limestone and clastic rocks

4

CURRENT MONITORING METHODS

  • Seismic monitoring (number of volcanic quakes and tremors)

  • Ground deformation (precise leveling, electronic tilt, GPS)

  • Visual/Geological observations

  • Sulfur dioxide emission rate (by COSPEC)

  • Water well monitoring

LEGENDS/ MYTHS

THE MYTHS OF MOUNT MAYON

Daragang Magayon and Panganoron

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

Lavas from Mayon Volcano in southeastern Luzon, Philippines, are compositionally variable. Now we understand the frequent eruptive activity of Mayon and the hazards/ risks from the past eruptions.

For the past 100 years Mayon has produced similar mild-intensity to explosive eruptions, and remarkably homogenous high-crystallinity basaltic andesite lavas.

REFERENCES:

Bleiker, C. (2018, January 26). Geologist: Mayon Volcano not just a threat to immediate neighbors: DW: 26.01.2018. DW.COM. Retrieved November 25, 2021,

from https://www.dw.com/en/geologist-mayon-volcano-not-just-a-threat-to-immediate-neighbors/a-42323251.

Cain, F. (2015, December 25). Mount Mayon. Universe Today. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://www.universetoday.com/31914/mount-mayon/.

Hazards. Mayon Volcano. (n.d.). Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://mayonbulkan.weebly.com/hazards.html.

Mayon Volcano Geology. Real Estate Find. (n.d.). Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://www.realestatefind.info/real-estate/mayon-volcano-geology.

Mayon Volcano. World Landforms. (n.d.). Retrieved November 25, 2021, from http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/.

Nielsen, H. (2018, May 6). 12 dangerous volcanoes along the Ring of Fire. Owlcation. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://owlcation.com/stem/12-

Dangerous-Volcanoes-Along-the-Ring-of-Fire.

Owie. (1970, January 1). Mt. Mayon. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from http://new-7-wondersoftheworld.blogspot.com/2008/06/mt-mayon.html.

Ruth, D. C. S., & Costa, F. (2021, September 10). A petrological and conceptual model of Mayon Volcano (Philippines) as an example of an open-vent

volcano. Bulletin of Volcanology. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00445-021-01486-9#citeas.

The legend of mount mayon. Devour.Asia. (2009, April 16). Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://devour.asia/the-legend-of-mount-mayon/.

Van Westen, C. J., Dayao, A., & Voskuil, R. (n.d.). Geomorphology of the Mayon Volcano and its relation to Hazards. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from

https://www.researchgate.netpublication/311594346_GEOMORPHOLOGY_OF_THE_MAYON_VOLCANO_AND_ITS_RELATION_TO_

HAZARDS.

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