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14 Points vs Treaty of Versailles

The Peace Process of WW1

Background Information

World War 1 was mainly fought between the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and originally Italy) and the Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, and Russia).

Allied Powers won over Central Powers and did not allow any of the defeated countries to be represented in peace discussions.

The United States joined the Allied Powers 3 years later than t...

The United States joined the Allied Powers 3 years later than the European countries, which influenced the aftermath of the war

14 Points

  • Open diplomacy
  • Freedom of the seas
  • Removal of economic barriors
  • Reduction of military weapons
  • Adjustment of colonial claims
  • Evacuation of Russian territories
  • Preservation of Belgian soverneighty
  • Restoration of French territory
  • Division of Austria-Hungary
  • Redrawing the Italian Formers
  • Redrawing of Balkan boundaries
  • Limitations of Turkey
  • Independence of Poland
  • Association of Nations

14 Points

presented by United States' President Woodrow Wils...

presented by United States' President Woodrow Wilson to the Allied Powers (France, Great Britain, Italy)

Treaty of Versailles

most important points:

  • Germany not allowed to join League of Nations
  • German army not allowed to enter demilitarised Rhineland
  • Saar was given to France for 15 years
  • Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
  • Germany forbidden to unite with Austria
  • Eastern German farmlands given to Poland
  • Danzig was liberated by League of Nations
  • German colonies were given to Britain and France
  • German army restricted to 10,000 men
  • German navy restricted to 6 battleships, no submarines
  • Germany was denied an airforce
  • Germany was responsible for ccausing atotal loss and damage in war
  • Germany had to pay 132 B gold marks

signed on June 28, 1919

drafted and approved by Ita...

signed on June 28, 1919

drafted and approved by Italy (Vittorio Orlando) , Great Britain (David Llyod George) , France (Georges Clemenceau), United States (Woodrow Wilson)

Wilson's Influence on the Treaty of Versailles

  • Reduction on military weapons (only applicable to Germany)
  • Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
  • Eastern German lands given to Poland
  • All German colonies given to Britain and France

Ignored Points

Britain and France disagreed with parts of Wilson's 14 Points and compromised on two issues:

Britain

  • no "guarantee[d] freedom of the seas"

France

  • German evacuation of French territory included civillian damage compensation during

Citations

http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1324.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/thetreatyrev1.shtml

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/the-treaty-of-versailles/

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