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Nick Britto, Shing Gao, Leon Jia
Robbers Cave, Oklahoma
= intergroup hostility
1) Individuals w/ common goals →group with hierarchical structure and roles
2) Two groups brought together under competition and group frustration → hostility
The overall results showed a rapid development of strong intergroup relations but hostile intragroup relations eventually overcome by cooperation on a common task.
- Not long after groups were introduced, group structure and hierarchy was clearly established.
- They developed an attachment towards members of their own groups.
- They named their groups - the Eagles and the Rattlers
- Prejudice between the two groups increased as time went on and competitions progressed
- Originally, conflict was verbal
- The situation escalated when the Eagles burned the Rattlers' flag
- The Rattlers retaliated by ransacking the Eagles' cabin
- They began physically fighting and needed to be separated
https://youtu.be/8PRuxMprSDQ?t=100
- Showing films and celebrating the fourth of July did not have any effect on reconciliation.
- Presenting a common goal and having both groups work towards it did result in reconciliation.
The overall data collected was strongly in support of both proposed hypothesis.
- The creation of a hierarchical structure in a group with common goals
- The data collected supports this hypothesis
- Each group formed an identity and a structure very quickly
- When the separate groups had a common goal, they joined together and formed a new group dynamic
- Two groups in competition will develop hostile relations
- The data collected supports this hypothesis
- The two groups developed hostile attitudes towards one another and even violence
- Unsuccessful Middle Grove Experiment
- Competition and grouping were very artificial
- Narrow population, results not easily extrapolated
- Ethical concerns - “I’m not traumatized by the experiment, but I don’t like lakes, camps, cabins or tents anymore,” Doug Griset
Fineburg, Amy C., et al. Myers' Psychology for AP®. Worth Publishers/
BFW, 2014.
Konnikova, M. (2012). Revisiting Robbers Cave: The easy spontaneity
of intergroup conflict. Scientific American. Retrieved January 26, 2021
McKay, B. (2020, December 29). The Untold Story Behind the Famous
Robbers Cave Experiment. Retrieved January 26, 2021
McLeod, S. A. (2008). Robbers cave experiment. Simply Psychology.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/robbers-cave.html
Sherif, M. (1954). Experimental study of positive and negative
intergroup attitudes between experimentally produced groups: robbers cave study. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma.
Sherif, M. (1958). Superordinate goals in the reduction of intergroup
conflict. American journal of Sociology, 349-356.