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ENGL E101F Wk 14 Ss 1_L01
1
ENGL E101F
Week 14 Session 1
L01
Copyright by Gladys Luk 2020
- Warm up exercise
- Proofreading practice
- Referencing
- Academic Grammar & sentences
Warm up exercise
Warm up exercise
Pronunciation poem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-GDoVBlVeA
Proofreading practice
Proofreading practice
Proofreading practice
Proofreading practice
Proofreading practice
Referencing
Referencing
Referencing
Please download the summary of citation and referencing introduced in Unit 5
Academic Grammar & Sentences
Academic grammar
What is Academic Writing?
Academic writing = Formal writing
Therefore,
- clearer and more precise
- supported by facts and statistics
- contains complex sentence structures
What is Academic Writing?
What is more?
- No slang or colloquial language
- No contracted (short) forms
- Avoid idiomatic expressions
- Avoid direct questions or tag questions
What is Academic Writing?
What is more?
- Different in terms of choice of words and grammar
- The way of organizing the ideas
- Most importantly, with citation and referencing
Academic writing: Key Characteristics
More reliable, more trustworthy
In terms of grammar and structure
More objective
More complex
Has a more formal structure
More referencing
In terms of the organization
refer to citation and references to avoid plagiarism
Academic writing: more objective
To be objective:
- Use
- hedging to increase the distance
- there is/are to provide a platform for objective statements
- passive voice to remove the need for a subject
Academic writing: more complex
In terms of grammar:
- Use of
- more formal word choice
- passive voice,
- noun phrases,
- nominalization,
- relative clauses, etc
Academic writing: more complex
Passive voice:
- Maintain effective thematic development
- Relevant information stays in focus
- Maintain an objective tone
Academic writing: more complex
Nominalization:
Removes the need for a subject; avoid using personal pronouns
The development of particular skills can enhance student performance.
Academic writing: more complex
Use of noun phrases
The use of chopsticks, knives and forks reveals a dislike of eating with fingers.
Use of complex sentence structure
Academic writing: more complex
Density of language:
Content words vs function words
Lexical density
Academic writing
Has a more formal structure
Uses more referencing
Sentences
Recap
Recap
Simple sentences
one main idea expressed in one main clause.
Compound sentences
Two or more main clauses of equal importance
Complex sentences
independent vs dependent
contain a main clause and a subordinate clause which modifies the main idea.
Recap
Compound complex sentences
At least 3 finite clauses
Include both compound and complex elements
Recap
Sentences with special functions
Inversion: way of giving emphasis
emphasize over the wall
Over the wall went the dog.
Never has he helped me.
emphasize a negative Never
If I had seen you = Had I seen you
create conditional clauses
Recap
Sentence pattern to highlight a particular piece of information
It was/is ... which/who ...
It was Grace who broke the vase.
Cleft sentences
Cleft sentences
Cleft sentences: another way of emphasis
Pattern: What + be
What I like is a bowl of noodles.
That-clause / the-fact-that-clause
He was not worried that she was late.
The fact that she was late did not worry him.