Introducing
Your new presentation assistant.
Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.
Trending searches
Terracotta Army
6
THE TERRACOTTA ARMY
Anna Lee || INTRO TO CHINESE CULTURE - PROF. LIN
THE DISCOVERY
2
3
I.
INTRODUCTION
J. 1974
M. 1974
1979
1
Lin Tong County, Xi'An, Shaan Xi Province
Yang Zhi Fa
Seeking Approval for Discovery:
- The Chinese Cultural Relics Bureau
- Government
Authorization
Publicization
Interdisciplinary engagement
National accruement
Irony of the Dead
The Mausoleum Site Museum
QIN SHI HUANGDI
(259-210 BCE)
LEGACY
Legacy and the Afterlife
II.
QIN SHI HUANGDI
259 BCE
King Zheng (later notated as Qing Shi Huangdi) is born
AFTERLIFE
First Emperor comes into power at 12, with the aid of Lu Buwei and Li Si
247 BCE
230-221 BCE
Conquers Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi, assuming the new title, "Qing Shi Huangdi" after conquests
210 BCE
First Emperor dies, resulting in subsequent uprisings and struggles for power
“Ordinary people were subject to onerous labour service, and both conscripted and penal labour were used for the building of palaces, roads, canals, imperial tombs, and fortifications"
- The Cambridge Illustrated History of China
03
01
A Ruthless Legacy
Forceful and strict (benefits and disadvantages), particularly around military construction and implementation
Unification
"The First Heavenly Emperor of Qin" - Reconciling the Warring States
The Qin Legacy
Preoccupations with the Afterlife
1. Attempts to discover the "secrets of immortality" in Chinese medicine
- The Cambridge Illustrated History of China
2. The tomb as a fixture of the afterlife
- Defense in death
- Militia and artifacts
THE ARRANGEMENT
Structured into a variety of underground pits, the terracota soldiers were positioned according to rank and occupation.
III.
LAYOUT & THE 4 PITS
Government officials
Artists and other Cultural Contributors
OTHER FIGURES
In addition to the soldiers...
Exotic Animals
Acrobats
THE LAYOUT
The project's "architectural structures were devised for solidity and permanence" (Ledderose 223).
LAYOUT
- Wooden constructions and organization
- Architectural beams for underground support
- Traditional battle formation
- Current figure estimates
THE FOUR PITS
PIT NO. 1
Largest Pit, equipped with weaponry and thousands of soldiers (estimates on exact figures vary)
PIT NO. 2
I
3
War Chariots and Horses
THE FOUR PITS
PIT NO. 3
2
4
Officials in High Command
PIT NO. 4
Empty? (What might this mean and indicate about the construction?)
ATTRIBUTES OF THE ARMY
Constructed from forced servitude:
"Men punished by castration or sentenced to penal servitude" comprised the assembly line
- Grand Historian Sima Qian
IV.
PROCESS & ATTRIBUTES
PRESUMED TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zx-imlY8clE
RANKING, DISTINCTIONS, AND CHARACTERISTICS
WARRIOR
DISTINCTIONS
COMMANDING OFFICER
GROOM
HIGH RANKING GENERAL
HEADGEAR
"The elaborately folded cap of the commanding officer, also known as the “pheasant-tail cap”, stands out against the more simple models of the charioteers."
(Selbitschka, The Terra Cotta Men and Their Roles")
HEADGEAR
Insert Photo
High-Ranking General
Protecting Warrior
Charioteer
Headgear:
Primary indication of military rank and prowess
HAIRSTYLES
All info from The Terracotta Men and Their Roles, Selbitschka
Indications of rank could be decided based on certain hairstyles - including divisions within army units (i.e., cavalry vs. infantry among warriors).
HAIRSTYLE
LEGACY OF THE TERRACOTTA SOLDIERS (SO FAR)
V. LEGACY
- "The eighth miracle of the world"
- (Then-French President Jacques Chirac)
- On the subject of the unexplored Qin tomb: "It is best to keep the ancient tomb untouched, because of the complex conditions inside"
- Archaelogist Duan Qinbao (An Interview with China Daily (Ma Lie))
An Unexcavated Relic
QIN HISTORY
CROSS-CULTURAL APPLICATIONS
CROSS-CULTURAL TIES
VI. CITATIONS
Works Cited
Capek, Michael. Emperor Qin's Terra Cotta Army. Twenty-First Century Books, 2008.
Ebrey, Patricia B. The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge University Press.
Hung, Wu. Chinese Sculpture . Yale University Press, 2003.
"The Incredible History of China's Terracotta Warriors." , directed by Anonymous , produced by TED-ed. , performance by Megan Campisi, and Pen-Pen Chen.
Labor, Arthur. "Terra Cotta Soldiers on the March.", 2009, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/terra-cotta-soldiers-on-the-march-30942673/.
Ledderose, Lothar. Ten Thousand Things: Module and Mass Production in Chinese Art. Princeton University Press, 2001.
Lie, Ma. "Excavation of Tomb Ruled Out.", Feb 22, 2006, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2006-02/22/content_522654.htm.
Qian, Sima, Xianyi Yang, and Gladys Yang. Selections from Records of the Historian. China Books & Periodicals, 1979.
Roach, John. "Emperor Qin's Tomb.", https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/emperor-qin.
Selbitschka, Armin, and Maria Khayutina. "The Terracotta Men and their Roles." Qin: The Eternal Emperor and His Terracotta Warriors. Edited by Maria Khayutina. Zurich: Neue Zürcher Zeitung Libro, 2013.