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Timeline of the Trojan War

Latin IV/V

Achilles is born

10 year siege...

Greeks on shores of Troy

BEFORE

1300 bce

Before...

TROY- 1300 BCE

POWERFUL CITY STRENGTHENED BY NATURAL RESOURCES (TRADE & BANKING)

PRIAM

50 sons, 12 daughters

With Hecuba and others

LAOMEDON

Hecuba's dream of the torch

Walls of Troy built by Poseidon (disquised). Took 1 year, and King Laomedon rips him off with fees"-- Poseidon angry, eventually kills all family except son Priam.

gods telling her that the child would destroy Troy... Huntsman doesn't kill child like he said.

GREECE:

Zeus rapes Leda in form of swan, Helen is born from an egg

Helen's suitors must protect her and her marriage

Wedding of Thetis & Peleus -> Golden Apple

APPLE OF DISCORD

Paleus marries Thetis... wedding on Mt. Olympus, thrown by Zeus

Why? Prophecy, Zeus doesn't want Thetis's child to overpower gods.

Everyone invited, except Eris (Discord)... but she crashes anyway

Her gift to Paleus- Apple "for the fairest"

Paleus can't decide, tells Zeus to choose.

Paleus & Thetis flee to Earth, Zeus brings problem to earth

Judgement of Paris

Zeus must decide between Hera, Aphrodite, and Athena

PARIS, 18 YR OLD SHEPARD, VOLUNTEERS TO DECIDE

ALL DIETIES HAD TO BE COVERED IN MIST SO PARIS WOULDN'T BE SCARRED BY BEAUTY

Aphrodite wins, promised him most beautiful woman & says that he is actually the Prince of Troy, not a sheppard

Paris goes back to Troy, now 2nd to Throne... Priam forgets the Prophecy (Torch to burn down Troy).

Paris goes to tour SPARTA, forms familial relationship with Menelaus.

Menelaus intoduces Helen, Paris tells Aphrodite to shoot the arrow that causes Helen to love Paris.

Achilles is born- Greek

7th time, Paleus catches her and saves baby. Once Thetis breastfeeds it, she loves her child

At 1 yr old, they name the baby Achilles. Prophecy says Achilles will either live a long and unremarkable OR a legendary and short life. Thetis dips him in river Styx for immortality (except heel)

Thetis &Paleus are expecting children, but each time Thetis gives birth, the sea nymph drowns her son each of the 6 times... Refused to have a half bred child or grace Paleus with children.

Achilles kills poisonous serpent

grows into remarkable Greek war hero

Helen abducted , start of War

~1250 bce

Helen Abducted

Paris takes Helen to Troy, Menelaus leaves Sparta

Agamemnon makes it seem as though Helen was abducted

but really, he wanted Troy's trade... "the face that launched a thousand ships"

Agamemnon sends Palamedes to find Odysseus, Odysseus pretends to be mad so he doesn't have to go.

Odysseus (& Ajax) then sent to find Achilles in Skyros.. he was disguised as a woman

Greeks sail to Troy

Meanwhile, Paris marries Helen

Agamemnon ready to sail to Troy & invade, but Artemis keeps shifting the wind.

1) Greeks killed deer in forest land.

2) Agamemnon bragged that he was a better hunter than she.

3) Advanced punishments for future deeds

Agamemnon sends representatives (Odysseus & Menelaus) to Troy to formally declare war

Agamemnon sacrifices IPHIGENIA & light her body on fire to please Artemis

Trojans formally declare war because they want to keep Helen! They also think their walls (made by gods) can't be breached

Apollo releases plague

Apollo releases Plague on Greeks

Priest of Apollo asks Agamemnon to retrieve daughter Chryseis

Agamemnon refuses and taunts Priest, who then goes to Apollo's temple and asks for the Greeks to suffer.

Apollo releases plague arrows onto Greek camp, Greeks die, but Agamemnon doesn't back down

10 days later, Achilles reasons with Agamemnon, so he returns Chriseis but needs another slave girl, takes Achilles's. They get into a fight that needs the gods' to step in.

Odysseus escorts Chryseis home

Thetis asks gods at Mt. Olympus to make Agamemnon grovel at Achilles's feet and apologize.

Gods get really involved, Paris v. Menelaus showdown

Paris vs. Menelaus

Meanwhile, Athena imbues Diomedes (Greek) with god-like combative power

-killed 12 Trojan warlords

-Aineias saved by mother Aphrodite, Apollo tries to protect

-Stabs Ares

*challenges Glaukus to a duel, find out they have family conenctions & call a truce

Hector proposes showdown to Agamemnon... only one dead man, winner take all

75,000 Trojans sit with Hector and 100,000 Greeks, watch

nobody wins

Agamemnon tempts Achilles to get him to fight, but he is rejected

Hera seduces Zeus to turn tide of battle

Patroculus murdered,

Achilles shot & killed

Patroculus fights Hector as Achilles

Achilles kills Hector

Patroculus dresses in Achilles armor & is imbued with Zeus's powers

violates prophecy.

Apollo punches him, Hector kills Patroculus & puts on Achilles's armor.

Achilles rejoins fight with new armor, ends drama with Agamemnon

Hunts down 12 boys that he will kill along with Hector

Hector fights Achilles, tries to escape into Troy but can't and is stabbed by Achilles.

Drags Hector from his charriot

Achilles slits the throats of the 12 Trojan princes. Won't sleep, eat, bathe until Patroculus is properly burried.

Throws a grand funeral, drags Hector around funeral pyre.

Apollo prevents Hector's body from decomposing & calls council of gods

Priam goes to Achilles's tent, kisses Achilles's hands & gives a speech about being a father. They both cry.

Priam begs Achilles for Hector's body

Day long truce to mourn & bury

Greek Camp Trojan Camp

-not enough soldiers

- need to find new leader

-more tentative

-want war to be over without much more death

-Achilles doesnt have reason to fight

Aeneus shunned by Priam, who was afraid his legacy would be lost.

NEW KING Memnon arrives with 10,000 men, is killed by Achilles

Amazonian Queen Penthasilia killed by Achilles

Achilles Killed

Priam offers a daughter to Achilles, meet in temple of Apollo.

Paris shoots arrow at Achilles's heel, Achilles dies... Prophecy fulfilled.

Competition for his armor... Odysseus wins, Ajax commits suicide

Odysseus &Diomedes steal statue to get gods' favor & win

Philoctities and Odysseus shoot Paris

Priests say that Paris's previous wife (while he was a sheppard) would save him. She refuses to help & he dies.

Deiphobus now Helen's husband

Trojan Horse, Troy burned

Trojan Horse

Thought of by Odysseus, made by Epeius

Odysseus & Sinon craft the cover story... Agamemnon tells Greeks that Athena was mad

Lacoon warns Trojans about staute. Sinon gets captured by Trojans and lies about horse.

Trojan walls torn down to get horse in

The Sack of Troy

Trojans party and get drunk

30 men are inside Trojan Horse, get out and torch Troy

Kill the men, take women as prisoner

Neptolemus kills Priam on Zeus's altar

Helen runites with Menelaus

Athena plans to kill Greeks at sea

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