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A coral polyp has a small tube body with tentacles all around the top, in the middle you can find an opening that has two functions.
The shape is usually circular or oval, with an open lagoon in the middle.
Formed when a fringing reef continues growing upward from volcanic island after sinking fully below sea level.
Border shoreline that are separated from the land by an area of water.
Creates a lagoon of often open deep water between the shore and reef.
Most common reef, grows seaweed directly from the shore.
Forming borders along shoreline and surrounding islands.
They are organized of hundreds to thousands of individual animals, they are known as coral polyps.
since they are all in groups they form communities making them colonial
Capable of reproducing sexually and asexually. This means they can make another generation with or without a partner.
To preform sexually they can either do external fertilization called broadcast spawning, or internal fertilization called brooding.
Both genders of coral releasing massive amounts of eggs and sperm. All into the water column during events that are synchronized
Only the sperm is released into water column so currents can carry it to a female for them to fertilize the egg.
The sperm is negatively buoyant once thrown in water allowing movement by currents.
Most corals have a mutually beneficial relationship with an algae known as zooxanthellae.
Most corals capture and consume live prey being microscopic zooplankton to small fish, depends on size of coral.
They use their tentacles with nematocysts or singing cells to stun and kill prey before passing to the mouth.
Once digested, waste leaves out same opening it came through.
Microscopic unicellular organisms that live within the cells of the coral's stomach lining.
90% of the organic material the algae makes photosynthetically is given to the coral's tissue.
There is multiple different species living within the Great Barrier Reef such as...
1.Damselfish
2.Wrasses
3.Tusk Fish
4.Blennies
5.Butterflyfish
6.Triggerfish
7.Clownfish
8.Pufferfish
9.Angelfish
10.Scorpionfish
1.Bottlebrush
2.Bubble
3.Brain
4.Mushroom
5.Staghorn
6.Tabletop
7.Needletop
8.Plate
9.Disk
10.Tube
1.Oysters
2.Clam
3.Squid
4.Octopus
5.Cuttlefish
6.Nautilus
7.Nudibranchs
8Chitons
9.Snails
1.Halimeda
2.Coralline algae
3.Corallina officinalis
4.Caulerpa
5.Chlorella
6.Ecklonia Radiata
7.Phyllospora Comosa
8.Macrocystis Pyrifera
9Ulva Compressa
10.Hormosira
1.Australia Pipit
2.Grey Wagtail
3.Yellow Wagtail
4.House sparrow
5.Gouldain finch
6.Pictorella mannikin
7.Nutmeg mannkin
8.Star Finch
9.Crimson finch
10.Zevra Finch
1.Olive
2. Banded sea krait
3. Turtle-headed
4.Stokes'
5.Horned
6.Yellow-bellied
7.Leaf-scaled
8.Elegant
9.Dubois'
10.small-headed
1.Green
2.Loggerhead
3.Hawksbill
4.Flatback
5.Pacific ridley
6.Leatherback
1.Increased surface temperature
2.Decreased sea level
3.Increased salinity
Pollution causes nutrient levels to rise allowing the rapid growth of algae and other organisms damaging coral
Coral getting destroyed because of collecting coral for aquarium and jewelry trade.
The slightest damage to coral takes multiple years to recover, this is why proper anchoring is important.
Anchors and chains shouldn't be dropped or dragging
Diving damage to sensitive marine ecosystems is becoming an increased issue.
At least once during per dive, dive sites obtain damage from three main causes.
1.Trample/kicking coral with fins
2.Breaking coral as a souvenir
3.Improper boat anchorage
Blast Fishing-
Explosives are used to stun and or kill fish.
Disruption the food web due to this affecting all reef species involved in and near explosion
1. Pretty coral stays pretty if left alone in its environment!
2.Plastic is considered pollution, start small and see how that little change helped coral reefs
3.Eco-certified travel operators help avoid endangered reefs
4.Avoid coral products, coral takes a long time to get back
5.Reef safe sunscreen
(Fitriani; Herzog; https://www.facebook.com/thoughtcodotcom; Science; US Department of Commerce)
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rhuuCaI5g6XudIJdpuLGXdISgyGj1zdh2UFQ6JJ78S4/edit?usp=sharing