Real World Logarithms - Heart Activity

FUN FACT

What is an electrocardiogram test and what does it show?

• Willem Einthoven hand corrected Gabriel Lippman and A.D Waller's studies using mathematical equations

• He then invented the String Galvanometer to make the corrections for him

695,000

Willem Einthoven

(1860-1927)

Why is an electrocardiogram test done?

people die each year due to Heart diesease in the United States

STRING GALVANOMETER

Who developed the electrocardiogram and how?

• An ECG is a test that shows and records the flow of electrical currant through the heart.

• ECG's also display rate & regularity of the heart.

• ECG's are done to help diagnose heart conditions/ dieseases.

• Willem Einthoven ran an ECG by attaching an electrode connected to lead wires to one's chest, arms, and legs

• The electrodes allowed for an ECG to record the electrical activity of the heart

• The String galvanometer calculated the weak pulses of electrical currant throughout the human body

• This intrument paved the way for mondern day ECG's

• heart attacks
• abornormal heart rhythms
• poor blood supply to the heart
• heart inflammation

History and Purpose of Electrocardiograms (ECG)

In 1895, the first ECG was invented. This instrument was invented by a Dutch medical doctor and physiologist named Willem Einthoven. His research earned the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924!

The invention of ECG's have helped diagnose many heart conditions and save an uncountable amount of lives.

-.0037(RR)

-.0037 RR

Here is an example of how you should solve for QTc:

Solving for QTc looks like this-

Qtc = 425-676e

Qtc= 425-676e

=94bpm

(Subtract 425 over )

-.0037 (192.99)

-.0037(RR)

Here is an example of how you should solve for RR:

59 = 425-676e

-366 = -676e

ln.5414 = -.0037 RR lne

ln.5414 = -.0037RR

RR= 165.84

(Divide -366 by -676),

(Then using log laws pull the ( -.0037 RR) down and add Ln)

(lne cancels to 1)

Real World Logarithms -Heart Activity

What does the output of an electrocardiogram look like?

( Divide ln.5414 by -.0037)

By: Haley Parker

ECG's produce four waves. These waves are known as traces.

• "P" wave ( displays atrial depolarization)

• "QRS" wave (portrays ventricular depolarization)

• "T" wave (represents ventricular repolarization)

• "U" wave (represents repolarization of Purkinje fibers)

Equation for an Electrocardiograms

WHAT IT STANDS FOR:

How do logarithms relate to electrocardiograms?

The equation for an ECG can be represented by:

QTc= 425-676e

-.0037 RR

what are the heart rate ranges for each of the following classifications?

QTc: Q-T corrected for heart rate

(Time from the Start of the Q wave to the end of the T wave)

RR: Respiratory Rate

(Time elapsed between two r-waves of the QRS signal)

• Logs predict the duration of ventricular fibrillation and anticipate successful defibrillations

Normal: 60-100 bpm

Tachycardia: >100 bpm

Bradycardia <60 bpm (40-60)

TWO EXAMPLES OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS

What's a Purkinje Fiber???

Purkinje Fibers are specialized muscle cells. They create the synchronized contractions of the heart's ventricles.