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AP Government Unit 1
16
Unit 1: Foundations of American Democracy
LESSON
Is government necessary?
What are the purposes of government?
I. What Government Does
What is government?
What type of government is best?
I. What Government Does
I. What Government Does
A. def.- an institution that creates and implements the policy & laws that guide the conduct of a
nation & its citizens; an institution that makes and enforces the laws.
B. citizens- people who are members of political community
C. civic engagement- individual & collective actions designed to identify & address issues of public
concern
D. political engagement- citizen actions that are intended to solve public problems through
political means
E. Functions of Government
1. protect their sovereign territory
2. preserve order & stability
3. establish & maintain a legal system
4. provide services
5. raise & spend money
6. socialize new generations (process by which individuals develop their political values &
opinions
II. Types of Government
A. monarchy- king/queen w/ absolute authority; can be constitutional
B. oligarchy- gov. where an elite few hold the power
C. democracy- governance lies in the hands of the people
D. totalitarianism- essentially control every aspect of their citizens lives
II. Types of Gov. (con't)
E. Authoritarianism- holds strong powers, but they are not checked by other
forces within society.
F. Constitutionalism- form of government structured by law
Compare and Contrast Types of Government
Classify the types of government the US has?
Comparison Answers con't
US- federal,
presidential,
democratic
II. 4 Theories of Government
II. 4 Theories of Government
B. Evolutionary
A. Force Theory
D. Social Contract
C. Divine Right
1. right to rule comes
from God/gods
2. Divine Right refers
to the Divine Right
of Kings
3. God's will
4. ex. China, European
monarchs
1. nature of the
state
emerged like
the family
2. patriarchal
3. Ex. nomadic
tribes;
Abraham
1. The state
emerged after
a strong rule
took control of
another group.
2. Ex.
Mesopotamian
city-states
1. state exists to
serve the will of
the people
2. states are
created by a
free people
3. gov. power
comes from the
people
4. gov. pwr is
limited by the
people