01 Toward Civilization

Objectives

TEKS 113.42 (c)(1)(A) identify major causes and describe the major effects of the following events from 8000 BC to 500 BC: the development of agriculture and the development of the river valley civilizations;

TEKS 113.42 (C)(2)(A) summarize the impact of the development of farming (Neolithic Revolution) on the creation of river valley civilizations

TEKS 113.42 (c)(2)(B) identify the characteristics of civilization; and

TEKS 113.42 (c)(2)(C) explain how major river valley civilizations influenced the development of the classical civilizations

Sections

01 Understanding Our Past

• Geographers, archaeologists, anthropologists, and historians work to unravel human history

02 The Dawn of History

• The change from nomadic to farming life led to the emergence of civilizations.

03 Beginnings of Civilization

• The rise of cities was a central feature in the development and spread of civilization

Continuity and Change

How have geographers, historians, anthropologists, archaeologists helped us learn about the lives of people at different sages in history?

Different reactions to fields in social sciences

Economics & Technology

What breakthrough technologies did Stone Age peoples develop?

Despite human advances, technology remains unchanged for the most part

"Dawn of Man" scene, 2001: Space Odyssey - technology gives us power over the world

Religions and Value Systems

What religious beliefs and practices did early peoples develop?

Seated goddess from Neolithic settlement in Çatalhöyük (Turkey)

"Venus figurines" from Paleolithic times; some of earliest man made art believed to represent fertility goddess. (Europe)

Politics and Social Systems

What basic features made the first civilization differ from early farming societies?

Temple from early civilization in Iraq

Why do you think the first major civilizations developed in these regions?

What is History?

• Study of written documents from the past

• Derives from the Greek word ἱστορία (historia) & means "inquiry" or "investigation"

• In the West, started by Herodotus in the 5th Century BC

• Time periods before written documents are called prehistory

• Part of larger discipline "Social Sciences"

Herodotus

"Father of History"

Social Sciences

• Focuses on relationships between individuals and society, examples include

Archeology

Anthropology

Psychology

Economics

Linguistics

American Psychology Association

Linguistics Society of America

American Anthropology Association

American Economic Association

Society for American Archeology

Geography

• Study of people, their environment, and their resources

• Divided into main branches -- physical & human.

• Physical Geo focuses on nature like atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, etc.

• Human Geo focuses on people & cultures

• Human Geo can tell us about prehistory like trade routes, or why a culture vanished due to a natural phenomenon

"You vs Y'all" map

Why do you think Y'all is predominate in the South?

Location

• tells where a place is on the surface of Earth

• Absolute location: measures earth by Latitude (horizontal lines - North to South) & Longitude (vertical lines - East to West)

• Relative location: proximity to resources & cultures

Herodotus

"Father of History"

THE PROBLEM

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THE PROBLEM

$

JAN

FEB

MAR

#3

#1

#2

2017

PLAN

TIMELINE

#3

#1

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