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Ari Malla
King of Nepal
Reign 1201–1216
Successor Abhaya Malla
Born Nepal
Died 1216
Ari Malla seemed to be the first Malla ruler in Nepal.
No mention of the Malla kings before him is made in the his
tory of Nepal. The word 'Malla' literally means a wrestler. It is
said that Arideva Malla was very fond of wrestling. Once while
he was engaging himself in wrestling, he heard the news of the
birth of a son to him. As a son was born to him at the time when
he was engaged in wrestling, he added the word 'Malla' after his
name and from that time on Malla dynasty came into existence
Contribution of Ari Malla
Over the next two centuries grew into a large empire before disintegrating into small principalities, which later became known as the Baisi (i.e. the 22 principalities). This was more or less coincidental with the emergence of the Chaubisi (i.e. 24 principalities).
The history of these principalities remains shrouded up until the time when they joined other kingdoms, both large and small, to form the unified Kingdom of Nepal
Jayayakshya Malla (often named Yaksha Malla for short) ) was a Malla Dynasty king of Nepal from around 1428 to 1482. He enlarged the boundaries of Nepal and developed infrastructure. He divided his lands among his sons, effectively ending the possibility of a unified Nepal for some time. The major divisions were: 1. Khowpa: Modern Day Bhaktapur 2. Yein: Modern Day Kathmandu 3. Yala: Modern Day Patan 4. Kipli: Modern Day Kirtipur 5. Dhunkhya: Modern Day Dhulikhel 6. Bhota: Modern Day Banepa 7. Thee: Modern Day Thimi 8. Bhimphedi 9. Bandipur 10. Dolakha 11. Panauti 12. Palpa 13. Bhojpur 14. Chitlang
Ratna Malla was the first independent king of Kantipur. He was one of the six sons of Jayayakshya Malla. On the death of his father in 1482, he and his brothers attempted to rule collegially. However, Ratna Malla decided to become an independent ruler and created the Kingdom of Kantipur, with its capital in Kathmandu, in 1484. He was the first Nepalese king to invite Kashmiri Muslim traders to Kathmandu
Surya Malla (1520-1530) :
Surya Malla was the second king of Kantipur. He ruled from 1520 to 1530. According to the Bhāsāvamsävali and Padmagiri's Vamsävali, he captured Sankhu and made it his capital
Amar Malla(1530 – 1538):
Amara Malla was the third king of Kantipur in present day Nepal. He ruled from 1530 to 1538. During his reign, many festivals were introduced.
Laxmi Narshingh Malla: ( 1585-1594 AD ) After the demise of grandfather Shiva Shingh Malla, he ascended the throne Kantipur in 1585 AD. It is believed that he constructed "Kasta Mandap Temple" from a Single Sal Tree.
Jaya Prakash Malla (died 1768) was the last king of Yen or Kantipur which corresponds to present-day Kathmandu.
He ruled from 1736 to 1746, and then from 1750 until his death in 1769.
He spent most of his reign in constant conflict with other Nepali kingdoms including that of Prithvi Narayan Shah in the Battle of Kathmandu.
He was the last king of Kathmandu (at that time, Kathmandu functioned as an independent state or principality) before King Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Kathmandu when the Kathmandu city folk were celebrating the festival of Indrajatra and conquered it.
He contributed to the literature of Nepal Bhasa with works such as "Padma Samuchaya" and three dramas that were concerned with Hindu mythology being Ratneshwar Pradurbhav, Birdhwojopakhyan Natakam and Bhairavpradurbhav.
When Gorkhali king Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Nuwakot, a protectorate of Kantipur, Jaya Prakash Malla sent troops under Kashiram Thapa. The battle occurred in 1746 where Kashiram Thapa lost the war and Jaya Prakash Malla thought of deceit.
Jaya Prakash Malla was angered and killed him. In the day of Indrajatra , when there was festival going on, Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Yen (Kantipur). Jaya Prakash Malla was helpless and he went to Lalitpur to seek asylum. Tej Narasimha Malla ruled that kingdom.
After some time Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Lalitpur and Jaya Prakash Malla along with Tej Narasimha Malla ran to Bhaktapur to seek asylum. When Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Bhaktapur, Ranajit Malla surrendered. Later, Ranajit Malla was sent to Kashi to spend rest of his life; Jaya Prakash Malla died and Tej Narasimha Malla was kept in lifetime detention.