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Displaced Aggression Theory
1
Displaced Aggression Theory
Presented by Jason Hernandez for Criminal Deviance, Regis University
Definition
Definition
“Aggression is displaced when the target is innocent of any wrongdoing but is simply in the wrong place at the wrong time”
(Bartol, 2017, p. 122)
Kicking the dog
In a commonly used anecdote to illustrate displaced aggression,
a man is berated by his boss but does not retaliate because he fears
losing his job. Hours later, when he arrives home to the greeting
barks of his dog he responds by kicking it. Conceptually, displaced
aggression can be defined as a level of aggression toward a target
that exceeds that which is ordinarily seen as justified by the level
of provocation emitted by that target (Marcus-Newhall, 2000).
Connection to Negative Effects
Negative
Effects
- Domestic Violence
- Partner or child abuse
- Road rage leading to physical violence or assualts
- Learned Behavior for children
Home/Life Connection
Home/Life
When the provocateur is one’s boss, workers are unlikely to fight back out of fear of further punishment. Ratherthan confront their superiors, subordinates may exert their aggression on... relationships in their home and personal life (Brass and Hoobler, 2006)
Stats
On average, nearly 20 people per minute are physically abused by an intimate partner in the United States. During one year, this equates to more than 10 million women and men.
1 in 3 women and 1 in 4 men have been victims of [some form of] physical violence by an intimate partner within their lifetime.
1 in 4 women and 1 in 7 men have been victims of severe physical violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime.
1 in 7 women and 1 in 18 men have been stalked by an intimate partner during their lifetime to the point in which they felt very fearful or believed that they or someone close to them would be harmed or killed.
(National Coalition Against Domestic Violence)
Road Rage
Road Rage
Road rage is aggressive driving taken a step further into a potentially lethal direction, defined as: an incident in which an angry, impatient, or aroused motorist intentionally injures or kills, or tries to injure or kill, another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian, in response to a traffic dispute, altercation, or grievance (Padowitz, n.d.)
Effects on Cops
Law Enforcement
Displaced aggression theory would suggest that an officer primed for a negative affect by a personal family conflict will be more likely to arrest, and less likely to show lenience toward, criminal suspects engaged in minor offenses (Johnson, 2013)
Learned Behavior
Children
Children develop many behaviors merely by watching their parents and significant others in their environment, a process we have called modeling or observational learning. A child’s behavior pattern, therefore, is often acquired through the modeling or imitation of other people, real and imagined, in the child’s environment... available research reveals that the conditions most conducive to the learning of aggression are those in which the child (1) has many opportunities to observe aggression, (2) is reinforced his or her own aggression, or (3) is often the object of aggression (Bartol, 2017, p. 122).
Bullying
Bullying
Persons made ready to aggress by conditions within their workplaces often select targets who are relatively weak and defenseless, and a pattern of bullying against such individuals may then arise (Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace, 2011, p. 217)
Video
https://study.com/academy/lesson/displaced-aggression-definition-theory.html
- 2:28
- 4:03
Solutions
Solutions
- Encourage healthy work environments
- Introduction of stress management techniques
- Anger management for adults and children
Conclusion
- Displaced Aggression Theory has the potential to have a domino effect in many facets of life.
- A tic-for-tak culture where the aggression is passed from one unexpecting individual to the next.
- Encouraging healthy environments and techniques to combat aggression at home and in the workplace there is potential to decrease the impact of aggression from spreading
- Road rage
- Domestic Disputes
- Bullying
References
References
Bartol, C.R. and Bartol, A.M. (2017). Criminal behavior: A psychological approach (11th ed.). [Kindle Version]. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Retrieved from Amazon.com
Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. (2011). Bullying and harassment in the workplace. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
A Theoretical Model of Triggered Displaced Aggression. Retrieved from http://web.csulb.edu/~psych/deptinfo/faculty/pedersen/pdf/TheoreticalModelOfTDA2003.pdf
Abusive Supervision and Family Undermining as Displaced Aggression Jenny. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6835942_Abusive_supervision_and_family_undermining_as_displaced_aggression_Journal_of_Applied_Psychology_915_1125-1133
Arrest As Displaced Aggression. Retrieved from http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0093854813484132?journalCode=cjbb
Displaced Aggression Is Alive and Well: A Meta-Analytic Review. Retrieved from http://web.csulb.edu/~psych/deptinfo/faculty/pedersen/pdf/DisplacedAggressionMeta-analysis2000.pdf
DISPLACED AGGRESSION THEORY ROAD RAGE. Retrieved from http://www.psychology-criminalbehavior-law.com/2015/01/displaced-aggression-theory-road-rage/
National Statistics Domestic Violence Fact Sheet. Retrieved from https://ncadv.org/statistics