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Whilst Parliament was discussing the Conciliation Bill for the first time the WSPU agreed to suspend all militant activities & joined forces with the NUWSS to protest in favour of the Bill.

On Friday 18th November, the Government announced there was no time to debate the Bill further and that there would be no vote on the issue, until at least the next year.

The WSPU sent 300 members to Parliament Square to protest. They were met with a forceful response from the police, who violently arrested over 100 Suffragettes.

The incident became known as 'Black Friday' and the Suffragettes received sympathetic coverage form the press who were shocked at the violent response from the police.

Black Friday was a pre-cursor to the Suffragette wild period which lasted from 1912-14. During the wild period the WSPU increasingly became viewed as a 'terrorist' organisation and the suffragettes viewed as 'demented creatures'. By 1914 most of the WSPU leaders were either imprisoned or in hiding. The Wild Period also saw thousands leave the WSPU & join the NUWSS.

1. Describe what the suffragette 'wild period' was and when it took place.

2. In what ways did the 'wild period' damage the votes for women campaign.

3. Do the actions of the WSPU during the 'wild period' support the revisionist or traditional view of the NUWSS?

“I was surrounded and forced back on the chair. Whilst I was forced down, a tube was inserted into my nose. It was two yards long with a funnel at the end. The other end is placed in the nostril. The sensation is painful – the drums of my ears seemed to burst and there is a terrible pain in my throat and chest. The tube is pushed down twenty inches. The one holding the funnel end pours the liquid down – about a pint of milk mixed with eggs.

The feelings afterwards are of faintness and great pain. I was sick on the first occasion.”

Campaigning for the vote: The Suffragettes

Emily Wilding Davison

Temporary Discharge Act (1913)

1. What was the aim of the government in passing the Temporary Discharge Act?

2. Who benefited more from the Act? Explain your answer.

3. Why is it difficult to fully assess the impact of the Act?

WSPU Historiography:

Temporary Discharge Act (1913)

"Cat & Mouse Act"

Historiography = the views of historians and analysis of sources

Force Feeding

Author

Primary/Secondary?

Do you agree with this? Explain why

Line of argument

(Give evidence)

Mary Clarke, Jean Hewart, Katherine Fry were among several Suffragettes who died as a result of force-feeding.

1. How do you think the public would have reacted to these deaths?

2. What problems could these deaths have caused for the government?

WSPU vs NUWSS:

1. In what ways can it be argued that the WSPU damaged the positive work of the NUWSS? (R)

2. Explain why feminist historians believe the militant tactics of the WSPU to have been important? (T)

3. In what ways can it be argued that the Government was fearful of the WSPU by 1914? (T)

4. Which line of argument about the WSPU do you believe is most valid? Explain your answer.

The 'Wild Period'

.

Mary Leigh 1912.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/959.html

  • Who had a greater impact on the votes for women campaign? Provide at least two pieces of evidence to support your answer.

'...speaking with Christabel Pankhurst is like going to a lunatic asylum and talking to a man who thinks he is God.'

Revisionist

'the actions of the militants is ruinous'

David Lloyd George, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1908-1915

NUWSS vs WSPU:

Window Smashing

Yes - the wild period damaged the campaign

Wild Period Tactics

Arson

Use the handout to complete the spider diagram

Pouring Acid in letterboxes

  • In your groups create a display explaining the differences between the NUWSS & WSPU.
  • Each poster/display must include the following:
  • A Fact-file on both groups
  • Examples of their tactics
  • 3 positive contributions to 'the cause' of both groups
  • 3 negative contributions to 'the cause'

Primary

Lloyd George

(MP)

Militancy

WSPU Fact-File

To begin with, ‘militancy’ meant heckling MP’s, holding demonstrations and causing damage to property.

However, the WSPU became increasingly militant. The years 1912-1914 are often referred to as their ‘wild period’ where they began attacking people as well as property.

10th October 1903

Emmeline & Christabel Pankhurst

More working class in orientation

'Deeds not words'

Date Formed:

Key Figures:

Membership:

Motto:

Aims:

Tactics:

Votes for women on equal terms to men

Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/958.html

How did the WSPU campaign for the vote

Was militancy more effective than peaceful protest?

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