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Geriatric Radiography
50
Age is the one certainty in life - despite changes that occur in the body systems
The majority of older adults view themselves as healthy, they learn to adapt, adjust and compensate for these disabilities
Radiographer's Role
Aging of the Organ Systems
Understanding Geriatrics
Adapting procedures to accommodate disabilities
Differentiate between age-related changes and disease processes
Use professional judgement
Integumentary
Nervous
Sensory
Musculoskeletal
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
Immune
Respiratory
Hematological
Genitourinary
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Integumentary
Some words of wisdom.......
One of the 1st to show signs of aging
Flattening of skin membranes
Vulnerable to abrasions and blisters
Graying and loss of hair
Elderly become SOB and tire quickly
Congestive Heart Failure - more common in 75-85 y/o
Increased systolic BP due to decreased arterial elasticity
Sensory
Beginning around age 40 - loss of focus on near objects
Cataracts
Gradual hearing loss
Decline in taste and smell
Musculoskeletal
Nervous
CNS disorders are one of the most common causes of disability
Changes in blood and O2 flow to the brain slows the time it takes to carry out motor and sensory tasks
Osteoarthritis - most common cause of disability in US
Decrease in strength
Women lose 40% of bone mass
Men lose 30% over life span
Patient and family education
Communication
Transport and lifting
Immobilization
Gastrointestinal
Malignancies, GI bleeds, gastric obstruction, constipation
Mouth/teeth pain, decreased saliva
Decrease in acid production and
secretion can lead to
iron-deficiency anemia
Endocrine
Immune
More vulnerable to diabetes, pneumonia, influenza, TB, meningitis
3 general categories afflict elderly
-infections, cancer, and autoimmune disease
Diabetes - non-insulin dependent increases with frequency = 90% of all cases
Thyroid function
Hematological
Respiratory
Genitourinary
Anemia is not a single disease but a syndrome that has several different causes
Pale skin, SOB, fatigue easily
Aging is an individual and extremely variable process
Lungs lose some of their elastic recoil
Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, lung cancer
PNEUMONIA is the most frequent type of lung infection and leading cause of death in elderly
Incontinence - loss of muscle tone
Acute or chronic renal failure
Functional capacity of major body organs varies with age
People are healthier long
Gerontologic Age Categories
Geriatrics
The branch of medicine dealing with the aged and the problems of aging
Aging Process
QUALITY OF LIFE
Aging & Disease are NOT synonymous
Self Efficacy
Depression
The level of control one has over one's future
1 in 5 over the age of 65 are depressed
Primary Aging: gradual and inevitable process
Secondary Aging: within the control of the individual
Prefer slower paced activities
Takes longer to learn new tools
More forgetful
Common complaints
Memory Loss
Arthritis
Hypertension
Diabetes
COPD
Dementia
Alzheimer's Disease
Chronic Conditions
Most common form of dementia
Confusion, memory failure, disorientation, inability to carry out purposeful movements, speech disturbances, hallucinations
Begins later middle life then progresses
Mostly short-term memory tasks
Long-term memory tasks show little change over time
Confusion/Disorientation may be caused by medication, psychiatric disturbances, or retirement
Progressive cognitive impairment
Eventually interferes with
daily functioning
psychological and
Includes cognitive,
functional deficits
Demographics
Impact of Attitude of Health Care Providers
Cultural Impact
Impact of economic Status
Aging varies across cultures
Treatment of elderly is often determined by ethnic group
Single elders
More females over 85
Financial security extremely important
Professionals are more negative
toward older patients
Stereotyping - Ageism