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References

http://www.siemens.com/entry/cc/features/greencityindex_international/all/en/pdf/curitiba.pdf

https://www.esmap.org/sites/esmap.org/files/CS_Curitiba.pdf

https://books.google.com/books?id=yTAFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&dq=17-city+average&source=bl&ots=e1eeZJjUr5&sig=KjRL9HcXkHXQ3bTk6us9_1-9OE0&hl=es&sa=X&ei=w90mVYyKM5b_sATBpIGgBA&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=17-city%20average&f=false

https://www.cbd.int/authorities/casestudy/curitiba.shtml

http://thecityfix.com/blog/keepin-up-with-curitiba/

http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-cities/sustainable-cities/all-cases/green-city/curitiba-the-green-capital/

http://www.solartraction.com/solar-vision-curitiba-eco-city/

http://es.slideshare.net/henrymatute/analisis-cuidad-de-curitiba

http://www.curitiba.pr.gov.br/idioma/ingles/historia

Future Challenges

The Eco-City Concept:

Curitiba, Brazil

  • Green Line: expected to reduce traffic on the existing five axes

  • Regional integration: Keep the environment clean as the metropolitan area continues to grow

Economics

  • Seven massive shopping malls are found in Curitiba, with no cars around the center.

  • Curitiba is above the national average in expenditures such as food, housing, and clothing.

Natalia Pernas, Hannah Cooney, Julia Jaremko, Lei Fang, JoJo Lee

Thank you!

Questions?

Jaime Lechner: “ the City is not a problem, it’s a solution… it’s not only a solution for a country but it’s a solution for the problem of climate change”

Urban planning

• 1960s Mayor Ivo Arzua issued a call for urban design proposals -> Jaime Lecher

• Focus: strict control of urban sprawl, reduction of traffic in the downtown area, preservation of Curitiba’s Historic Sector and a convenient and affordable public transit system

• 1963, the Institute of Urban Research and Planning of Curitiba (IPPUC) was created to make a master plan assist the city

• 3 years later, the “Curitiba Master Plan” was created and put into practice in 1971

• Proposal: had new road design, they closed streets to vehicles, created many parks to mitigate flogs, and adapted the new system of public transportation

Curitiba has implemented several innovative systems to create jobs, improve public transportation accessibility, promote housing development, and improve waste management

• Later on Curitiba kept a track record of successfully managing urban change.

History of Curitiba

Economics

Bus rapid transit

• Found by the Portuguese in 1693 and Officially became a town in 1812

• 1850’s tide of European immigrants

• At the start of the 19th century development started thanks to cattle trade Yerba mate

After the WW2

• Curitiba entered a period of industrialization

• Population growth -> demands for improved services, housing & transportation

• City hired the French architect Alfred Agache to produce the first city plan

• 1950 the city experienced a rapid increase in population

• By 1960 Curitiba’s population had reached 430,000 inhabitants

  • Eighth-largest city in Brazil, has the fourth-largest GDP

  • In 2010, 66% of its GDP was produced by the commerce and services sector.

  • The city’s 30-year economic growth rate in Curitiba is 7.1% (compared with a national average of 4.2%), and per-capita income is 66% higher than the Brazilian average.

  • In 1969, a shift away from the use of cars towards buses began

  • Cars are banned for 49 blocks in the city center

  • Buses transport about 72% of the population everyday

  • Some buses can carry 270 passengers at one time

  • Express lanes throughout the city ensure efficiency

  • Fares are paid before boarding to speed things up

Energy & Green Initiatives

Curitiba Today

The Green Line

  • “Inter-neighborhood line."

Green Exchange Employment

  • “Garbage that’s not garbage.” Program
  • “My House, My Life.” Program
  • “From River, to River.” Initiative

The United Nation's "Sustainable Development" platforms considers Curitiba to have a Sustainable Urban planning

• 1996 "the most innovative city in the country"

• 2007 third on the list of the 15 Green Cities in the World

• 2010 Curitiba won both the Globe Sustainable City award and the Sustainable Transport award.

• 2011, Leadership in Transport Award

• More than 51 sq meters (554 sq ft) green space per inhabitant

70% of waste is recycled,

70% of workers use the bus,

99% of its inhabitants want to live there.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

  • The city recycles two thirds of its refuse - 70% of paper waste & 60% of everything else
  • Over 70% of city residents participate in recycling programs

  • Money raised via sale of recyclables support the city’s social programs
  • City employs the homeless and people in alcohol rehab programs in the garbage separation plant

  • Recycling materials for city projects
  • Fewer piles of discarded tires (attracts mosquitoes)

What is an Eco-city?

Environmental Policies

Bus rapid transit

Plan of Urban Afforestation: Tree Policy

  • process of establishing a forest on land, especially land previously without forests

National Policy for the Environment

  • Environmental Education Policy

  • An ecologically healthy city
  • A city that lives within the means of its environment

The goal of an ecocity is to reduce the city’s impact on the environment

  • The current city model is outdated
  • A solution of sufficient power to preserve and restore the health of the planet.
  • Curitiba uses about 30% less fuel per capita than other Brazilian cities

  • Curitibanos spend only about 10% of their income on travel

  • Today it serves more than 1.3 million passengers

(50 times the number from 20 years ago)

Why do we need Ecocities?

Flood Control

2 for 1

  • City’s parks double as a naturalized, decentralized stormwater management facility

  • Massive Iguacu river’s course is preserved
  • River backs up during heavy rains and spreads out into low-lying area of the parks to form temporary lakes and mimicking a natural floodplain

design by Dóri Sirály for Prezi

  • For every one tree cut down in Curitiba, two more must be planted

  • Volunteers planted 1.5 million trees

  • No trees can be cut without a permit

  • Has one of the lowest levels of air pollution in the world with over 300,000 trees planted

Parque Tangua Sao Lourenco Tingui Parque

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