Chain migration

Migration- Obstacles & Types

Intervening oppurtunity

MIGRATION

Place perception

A person's idea or image of a place.

• Intervening oppurtunities are things that people who migrate find satisfaction in when traveling. Such as finding a high paying job.

intervening obstacle

Definition: Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location

Why do people migrate?

common reason why people leave their homeland is to have a better life.

-Economic reasons

-Education

-Family

Urban to Suburban

In more developed countries, most intraregional migration is from central cities out to the suburbs.Twice as many Americans migrate from central cities. Most people go to the suburbs because they like the suburban lifestyle. It is more modern, and safer than cities.

Intraregional migration

• Intervening obstacles are possible events or situations that might stop a person to migrate to another place.
• Example: As the Hernandez family makes their way to the US, they find themselves in Mexico City with a good job and economic status and, thus, decide to stay.
• This is important because intervening obstacle distracts from the primary goal location for someone.

Definition: Permanent movement within one region of a country.

Rural to Urban: Migration from rural areas to urban has skyrocketed in recent years. Migration from rural areas accounts from nearly half the population increase in urban areas. More than 20 million people are estimated to migrate each year from rural to urban.

Slave trade

Counter urbanization

Interregional migration in Europe and the U.S.

An urban area is the region surrounding a city. Most people of urban areas have nonagricultural jobs. Urban areas are very developed, meaning there is a density of human structures such as houses, commercial buildings, roads, bridges, and railways.

Counter urbanization is a demographic and social process whereby people move from urban areas to rural areas.

At the height of the slave trade between 1710 and 1810, at least 10 million Africans were taken from their homes and sent on European ships to the Western Hemisphere for sale in the slave market. This is involuntary migration, or forced migration because the slaves had no choice but to leave.

Push & pull factors

of counter urbanization

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=slave+trade&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=slave+trade&sc=8-8&sp=-1&sk=#view=detail&mid=80EE4DED4705AC0591C180EE4DED4705AC0591C1

• Push factor: Factor that induces people to leave old residences.
• Push factors:The push factors include: high land values, restricted sites for all types of development, high local taxes, congestion, and pollution.
• Pull factor: Factor that induces people to move to a new location.
• Pull factors:The pull factors offered by small towns are just the reverse, with cheap, available land that has clean & quiet surroundings.

• permanent movement from one region of a country to another

For European immigrants, the United States offered the greatest oppurtunity for economic success. Early migrants glorified the virtues of the Unites States to friends and relatives back in Europe, which encouraged others to come. (Chain Migration). The total flow of European migrants to the United States has varied from year to year.

If a migrant in India hears about great opportunities of living in China and attempts to migrate there, an intervening obstacle could be the himilayas, which would be life threatening to cross. The himilayas are an example of an intervening obstacle, but that is an enviromental obstacle. You could have an economic obstacle such as a town along the way that may be in harsh poverty and you may not be able to continue migrating. Or a political obstacle: Migrating through a country that is ruled under a law that despises something about you like race, gender, culture, or personal status.

a rural area is a geographic area that is located outside cities and towns.

Soviet experience (interregional migration

Circular migration

To build up a labor force, the soviet had to stimulate interregional migration. During the twentieth century, the soviet government had forced people to migrate to the Far North to construct and operate steel mills, mines, etc. They then stopped to provide better ways then forcing people to move. That didn't go good because people weren't even moving. They were reluctant because of the harsh climate. This eventually caused the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Circular migration is the temporary and usually repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, typically for the purpose of employment.

Example:

• Mexicans prefer Texas and California while Cubans prefer Florida because communities of the same origin already reside there.

Chain migration

Distance decay

Step migration

Transhumance

• migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
• . Chain migrations result in migration fields, whereas there are a cluster of people in certain areas.

Distance decay is a geographical term which describes the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. The distance decay effect states that the interaction between two locals declines as the distance between them increases.

The longer the distance between two points, the less likely it is for these points to have a close relationship and vice versa.

Example: Language or culture.

The migrations from a small location lead up to a larger one. An example is if you live in a township then move to a town, then a city, and larger city and so on. Each move is what counts as step migration when you move from one to the other.

The action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer

Township

City

By: Kiana Wheeler