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verification principle

strong verification

weak verification

a statement is meaningful if it can be verified in principle- you know what you would need to do to verify it

historical statements are now meaningful

a statement is meaningful if it can be verified if practice

e.g. "tom has green eyes" you can find tom and verify this

however this rules out statements that would be classed as meaningful such as historical statements

a false statement can still be classed as meaningful if open to verification

verification

This group included schlick, waissmann and carnap. Theirs was picture theory of langauge supported by wittengenstien. this idea states that statements are meaningful if they can be defined or pictured in the real world

statements are only meaningful if they can be be proved to be true or false

statements can be meaningful if they fit into either of the two category

ANALYTIC- true or false by definition

e.g. 4+1=5

SYNTHETIC- true or false through research

e.g. Tom has green eyes

religious language is meaningless as is it neither analytic nor synthetic. they are n0t probable in principle or practice

HUME

verification PRINCIPLE

VIENNA CIRCLE

MEANINGFUL STATEMENTS ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO, THOSE ABOUT IDEAS AND THOSE ABOUT THE WORLD

A group of philosophers named the Vienna circle claimed

"PEOPLE SPEND LARGE AMOUNTS OF THIER TIME TALKING NONSENSE"

we think we are saying something meaningful but we are not saying anything factual!

AYER

Russel

" one should not believe a statement which has no evidence for its truth"

A man named Ayer was influenced by this and became a member of the Vienna circle

According to Ayer religious statements convey no information and are non cognitive . according to Ayer religious language is just "emotive utterances"

logical positivists go further than the usual criticisms for beliefs in god. to say there isn't a god is just as meaningless as to say there is. this is because all unverifiable religious language is meaningless

"IF IT IS NOT ANALYTIC AND CAN NOT BE TESTED ITS BEST TO CALL IT COGNITIVELY MEANINGLESS"

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