Indigenous People
Vietnam has 54 recognized ethnic groups and 53 are ethnic minority groups with an estimated 13 to 14 million people. Each ethnic minority group has its own culture and traditions.
Independence
Vietnam declared their independence on September 2, 1945 but became a truly independent country in April 1975. Ho Chi Minh organized a Vietnamese guerrilla called the Viet Minh, to fight for Vietnamese independence. However, the French warships bombarded the northern Vietnamese city of Haiphong. In response to the attack, the Viet Minh fought against France on December 19, 1945 in Hanoi. The French had a major defeat during 1954, whuch caused the division of Vietnam. In the late 1950s, Minh organized a guerrilla movement in South Vietnam. Minh died 25 years after declaring the indepndence of Vietnam and succeeded in reuniting North and South Vietnam under communist rule.
Society Before Imperialization
The Chinese conquered the Red Delta in the 2nd century BC and large numbers of Chinese settlers, officials and scholars moved to impose a centralised state system. In 938 AD, Ngo Quyen vanquished the Chinese armies at battle, which ended 1,000 years of Chinese rule. Many enemies launched attacks on Vietnam. The Chinese controlled Vietnam again in the early 15th century.
Effects of Imperialism
Ho Chi Minh
There were both positive and negative effects in Vietnam. Positive effects included education and increase of production and exports. Negative effects included no attempts of teaching the children of peasant farmers, the destruction of traditional temples and monuments, change the economy into a proto-capitalist system, workers no longer worked to provide for themselves but for the benefit of their French overlords and the French burdened the Vietnamese with an extensive taxation system.
France
In the late 1800s, France imperialized Vietnam as well as Laos and Cambodia. France claimed that it was their responsibility to bring undeveloped regions in Africa and Asia so they can be introduced to mordern political ideas, social reforms, industrial methods and new technology. However, the real motive was profit and economic abuse.
Biblography
-https://infogr.am/french-imperialism-in-indochina-vietnam
-alphahistory.com/vietnam/french-colonialism-in-vietnam/
-www.history.com/this-day-in-history/vietnam-independence-proclaimed
-www.lonelyplanet.com/vietnam/history
-www.iwgia.org/regions/asia/vietnam
Imperialism In Vietnam
By: Kathy Dao
