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The Mumps Virus is a viral infection that affects the salivary glands. More specifically, this virus affects the parotid glands that can be found below and in front of the ear. The virus itself is very contagious and usually affects young children.
3D Model of Mumps
Mumps Virus from Microscope
Inside of the Mumps Virus
Back before the vaccination came out, mumps caused some dangerous complications. A few of these complications were: inflammation in the ovaries and testicles. Deafness in both ears and miscarriages in pregnant women. The mumps was the leading cause of child deafness in the early to mid 20th century.
Today the Mumps virus is very different due to the introduction of the mumps vaccination. In the U.S., cases of the mumps have dropped by 99%. Most of the outbreaks that occur now are on college campuses. In 2006 and 2009, a few major outbreaks occurred on college campuses and around 4,000 cases were reported.
- The mumps virus belongs to the genus Rubulavirus which is in the family Paramyxovirus.
- There is only one serotype of the Mumps virus with 12 genotypes (A-N)
- "The tubelike, helically symmetrical nucleocapsid contains a monopartite, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome and an RNA-directed RNA polymerase."
The first mumps vaccination was introduced to the U.S. in 1967 by Maurice Hilleman. The most common strain of this vaccination is the "Jeryl Lynn" strain. Now the mumps vaccination is part of the MMR vaccine which includes Measles, Mumps, and Rubella. People usually receive this vaccination as a baby or toddler and again when they start going to school.
Maurice Hilleman
The Mumps Virus can be prevented through the MMR vaccine. The mumps virus can possibly be spread through the following methods:
1. Airborne respiratory droplets (coughs or sneezes)
2. Saliva (kissing or shared drinks)
3. Touching a contaminated surface.
When infected with the Mumps you may have the following symptoms:
Pain areas: abdomen, muscles, neck, pelvis, or testicle
Whole body: chills, fatigue, fever, loss if appetite, or malaise
Throat: difficulty swallowing or soreness
Also common: dry mouth, headache, hearing loss, neck swelling, swollen lymph nodes, or swollen salivary glands.
What the virus looks like on the outside
Mumps from the inside