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Throughout the circuit, the potential energy the electron started with has been used for motion or has been converted to other forms of energy by a load.Therefore, at different points of the circuit there is a difference in energy which we call the potential difference or voltage. The symbol for voltage is V.
Electric current is a measure of the amount of electric charge that passes a point in a circuit each second. So in the analogy above, current could be the amount of skiers passing a specific tree per second. The symbol for current is I
George Ohm established a relationship between potential difference/voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R); and as a result, established Ohm’s Law.
A series circuit has only one path for the current to
flow. Components are arranged one after another. If the path is broken the whole circuit cannot function.
A parallel circuit has more than one path for the current to flow. Since this type of circuit has different paths, an interruption in one path will not affect the other pathways.
Current electricity is the electricity produced by the continuous flow of electrons (remember only electrons move, protons do not). In order for this flow to happen we require two things:
1) an energy source – such as a battery or electrochemical cell
2) a complete path – created by connecting wires
Together this forms an electric circuit. Other parts of an electric circuit include loads and switches. Loads are
devices which convert electrical energy into another form of energy, like a light bulb. A switch can turn a circuit
on or off by connecting and disconnecting the circuit.
Resistance is the degree to which a substance opposes the flow of electric current through it. All substances resist electron flow to some extent. The symbol for resistance is R.
A main use of resources is
for generating electricity. Electricity is an essential part of our daily lives; therefore, it is important that we consider where it is coming from
Alternative Ways to Generate Electricity
Different technologies are being developed to generate electricity in more efficient and sustainable ways.
Electricity is the general term referring to electric charge. Static electricity is this electric charge that is
stationary or “at rest” (static). It is the build-up of an electric charge on an object and can be produced by
rubbing different substances together (Friction). Current electricity (alternating and direct), on the other hand is the movement of these electric charges through an object – we will look at current electricity in another unit. Electrostatics is the study of static electricity.