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Paul Kennedy- The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers

Direct German & Italian Foreign policy eastwards thru appeasement?

Germany

Danger of the Right causing another civil war in France (similar to Spanish Civil War)

16/18 governments in the 1930's????

"Strategic Overstretch"

Didn't want to provoke a general European war with Gr and It

Very weak coalition government (popular front)

Didn't want to be associated with communists

Great Britain

Rightist press attacked Leon Blum for risking war with Germany and Italy

Defensive 'Maginot' Mentality

Sympathy for Nationalists

British Economic interests in Spain under threat

France

Worried about antagonising Italy & Germany

To try and prevent general war, Blum proposed a Non-intervention commitee

Reasons for

Invervention/ Non- intervention

Didn't want to be associated with communists

Italy

Don't want a general European war

Dependant on Britain for support to confront Gr and It

...believed that Britain tacitly supported the rebels

Spanish Civil War

Initially said 'NO' to appeal for planes to transport Nationaliast army to mainland

Actions of Mussolini, Hitler and Chamberlain caused Franco to win

Paul Preston's view (pg 5)

...believed that Russia had no reason to intervene

Worried about France intervening to help the popular front

H/e agreed to help because....

Republic forced to ask SU for help after France decide not to intervene

...saw himself as the leader of fascism

...France didn't intervene

...wanted to weaken Br and Fr 's position in the Mediteranean

Soviet Union

Stalin didn't want the European Balance of Power to change in Gr and It 's favour

Soviet Union

Prevent France from weakening

Germany

Had to support communist comrades

International Communism

Tried to gain alliance with Br and Fr against Germany and Italy

Great Britain

Damage the Soviet image of Solidarity with International workers.

France

Collective Security

Didn't want Spain to go communist- otherwise it would raise fears in the West about Communism (possibly cause some sort of understanding with Germany and Italy against SU)

Italy

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