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It is a radiopaque or contrasting agent.
Type of medical imaging that is used to examine the gastrointestinal tract through the ingestion of barium sulfate.
a substance used to improve the ability to see organs through an x-ray
substance that appears opaque to x-rays
Barium is a dry, white chalky metallic powder and is then mixed to create a thick, milkshake-like drink called the suspension.
Barium sulfate is ideal because:
1) has the ability to absorb x-rays
2) has low solubility
Barium sulfate can be taken in two different procedures:
barium swallow
given by an enema
examines areas such as the pharynx and esophagus
examines areas such as the colon or lower gastrointestinal tract
Because of this, by ingesting barium sulfate and coating the inner lining of your organs, you are able to see them through an x-ray. Barium is also an x-ray absorber.
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Chemical equation for the dissolution of barium sulfate in water is:
The low solubility of barium sulfate is reflected in the solubility product for the dissolution. This shows that a small amount of barium ions is found free in solution.
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It is important to know the chemistry behind the use of barium sulfate in x-rays so that it is understood the harmlessness of the intake of barium sulfate into your body.
Barium sulfate suspensions also contain 0.10M sodium sulfate and uses the common ion effect to control the solubility of barium sulfate in solution.
Since barium ions are toxic to humans, we want to adjust conditions to ensure that the direction of the dissolution reaction favours the reactants.
The common ion effect occurs when you add more of an ion that is already present in the equilibrium equation to restore balance.
Salt sodium sulfate will readily dissociate into sodium and sulfate ions, therefore increasing the concentration of sulfate.
Le Chatelier's Principal - if conditions of equilibrium change, the process tends to do the opposite to cancel out the effect of the change
By Le Chatelier's principle, the system will respond to the presence of the common ion (which is sulfate, the ion present in both sodium sulfate and barium sulfate) by shifting the position of the dissolution equilibrium to the left (reactants). The solubility of the reactant barium sulfate will be further decreased by the presence of the sulfate anion.