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The Digital Divide
The situation in PNG
Implications for Journalism Education
What to do next?
patrick.matbob@gmail.com
pmatbob@dwu.ac.pg
DIGITAL DIVIDE
Internet is considered a mechanism for:
Internet can deepen inequalities and increase social exclusion.
- poverty alleviation
- empowerment of minorities
- economic development
- promotion of democracy
cyber-enthusiasts
VS
Research so far
cyber-sceptics
Definition
Initially - Physical access
- gaps being addressed
SECOND DIVIDE
ORIGINAL DIVIDE
- gaps widening
More recently - Social, psychological, cultural aspects
Country Overview
Differences in use: skills + social issues + impact and consequences
"Disparity between those who have access to the technologies and the Internet and those who do not"
DIGITAL LITERACY
Access to ICT = Use of ICT = Meaningful use of ICT (Engagement)
ICT and Internet can:
- promote social connections
- increase political and civic participation
- ease education access
Who is included and who is excluded?
Skills
Operational (basic use of the technology and Internet)
Who is connected?
Formal (navigation and orientation)
"ACCESS"
Information (ability to access the information needed)
Strategic (efficient use - achievement specific targets, solutions, improving status, etc)
Digital Divide and Higher Education
Different levels of digital skills
Higher Education
DIGITAL LITERACY is crucial to become engaged with the new information age and knowledge-based society.
Information and Strategic the most important
--
strongly condition the position of people in their social life and in the labour market
Information and Communication Technologies
Issues when trying to integrate the new technologies into the teaching and learning practices
Do PNG journalism students have these crucial skills?
Technology challenges the traditional power structure
Suggestions to bridge the Digital Divide in PNG
"right now, the quantity and quality of graduates is far short of what is needed – due to inadequate resources and a range of governance and general service quality issues”
(Garnaut & Namaliu, 2010, p. 1, in Kolodziejczyk, 2012).
Infrastructure VS training
Implications for Journalism Education
Print journalism
VS
Digital Journalism
Reinvent curriculum for Journalism Education!!!
1.1 Billion users of online news (2014)
350,000 Facebook users in PNG
What about information and structural skills?
- Multimedia competences
- Collaboration and team work
- Analysis and Problem Solving
- Independent decision-making
- Flexibility
- Digital literacy: technological + content skills
Consumption VS Production
Further research
Very necessary to find out the real issues affecting Papua New Guinea.
Implications for Journalism Education