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Environmental issues
Echinococcosis is a extremely harmful disease and worldwide, there may be in excess of one million people living with the disease at any one time. Even with treatment, people often face reduced quality of life. Annual costs associated with cystic echinococcosis are estimated to be 3 billion US dollars for treating cases and losses to the livestock industry.
Many symptoms:
Pain in the upper right part of the abdomen
Bloody sputum
Chest pain
Cough
Fever
Severe skin itching
Cystic echinococcosis is a preventable disease as it involves domestic animal species as definitive and intermediate hosts. Many ways are to increase hygiene when slaughtering animals and the deworming of dogs.
The main way they test for the disease is ultrasound. Some other ways include abdominal CT scan
abdominal X-ray
blood test
chest x-ray
liver function tests
thoracic CT scan
Cystic echinococcosis is re-emerging in countries where modern diagnostic and control options are not being used.
Citations
http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/echinococcus/overview.html
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs377/en/
shortwhitecoats.com/2011/top-ten-most-disgusting-medical-conditions
dpd.cdc.gov/DPDx/html/Echinococcosis.htm
Parasitic tapeworm
Infection is commonly through the ingestion of soil, water or food (e.g. vegetables) contaminated with the parasite’s eggs shed in the feces of the carnivores.
Four options exist for the treatment of cystic echinococcosis:
1.percutaneous treatment of the hydatid cysts with the PAIR (Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, Re-aspiration) technique
2.surgery
3.anti-infective drug treatment
4.‘watch and wait’